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Batanaea or Batanea was an area often mentioned between the first century BCE and the fourth century CE. It is often mixed with the biblical Bashan, the part of the Biblical Holy Land, northeast of the Jordan River, as its Latinized form.
Bashan was, in biblical context, the whole region east of the Jordan, above Gadara and Abila until the Jabal al-Druze, the old Hauran (Bashan) mountains.
The region south of the Leja and west of the Hauran (Auranitis) called NuqrahF.E. Peters (1977). The Nabateans in the Hawran, Journal of the American Oriental Society, Vol. 97, No. 3, New York University, pp. 263, 265 to the southwestern edge of the Leja is sometimes falsely called Batanaea. This is because of the permanent mix with the name of the Basan/Bashan region. The biblical Bashan/Basan was the whole area from Adra (Deraa) at its ancient capital to the Hauran mountains. Its highest peak may be the Hill of Basan referenced in .
In the 1st century BCE, the land was acquired by Herod the Great, who established a community of Jews from Babylon who were brought to Batanaea for the purpose of maintaining order against the banditry of the Trachonites. Paneas/Caesarea Philippi and the World of the Gospels, John Francis Wilson Upon Herod's death in 4 BCE, Batanaea passed to his son Philip as part of his inheritance. In some sources, Philip is referred to as the "Tetrarch of Batanea" with the capital at Caesarea Philippi, although his lands were more extensive than this.
On Philip's death in 34 AD, Batanea briefly became part of the Roman province of Syria, but in 37 AD it was established as a kingdom and passed to king Herod Agrippa I, and then in 53 AD to his son, king Herod Agrippa II. Following his death in 100 AD, it was once again annexed to the Roman province of Syria.
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