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Vidarbha (Pronunciation: state of . Forming the eastern part of the state, it comprises Amravati and divisions. As per the 2011 Census, the region had a population of 23,003,179. The region occupies 31.6% of the total area and is home to 21.3% of the total population of Maharashtra. Situated in central India, it borders the state of to the north, to the east, to the south and and Uttar Maharashtra regions of Maharashtra to the west.

According to the , , the wife of lord , was born to , the king of the Vidarbha kingdom. Vidarbha was part of the Satavahana Empire during 1st to 2nd century CE). The coins and inscriptions from the period of king , the son of the (reigned c. 1060–1086) have been found in the northern parts the region. According to the , the region was part of , in the . In 1680, the region was captured by , the son of , who was the founder of . In 1724, , who later became the Nizam of Hyderabad, declared independence and brought most of the region under his nominal rule. The administration and right of collecting taxes were held by the Marathas. In 1803, following the defeat of the Marathas, the region came under the rule of British East India Company. Later, the took control of the region from the British East India Company in 1857, and the region was part of and Central Provinces. After Indian Independence in 1947, the region remained a part of the Central Provinces and Berar. After the Re-organization of Indian states, majority of the region became part of in 1957. After the bifurcation of , into and , the region became part of .

The of the region is estimated to be 2023-24. The economy of the region is largely dependent on with oranges and being the major crops. The region also holds considerable mineral resources and forest cover. The region is economically under developed compared to the rest of Maharashtra with considerable and . Agriculture is largely dependent on seasonal and the region receives very less rainfall due to its location in the region of the . and are common with more than 1.4 lakh farmer in the period 1997 to 2006.

The largest and major city in the region is and other major towns include , , and . and Zadi dialects of is widely spoken. There have been demands for a separate state of Vidarbha, due to perceived neglect from the Government of Maharashtra. While the demand is supported by major political parties and Congress, it is opposed by Shiv Sena, one of the major regional political parties in the state.


History
According to the and other scriptures, princess considered to be an incarnation of the goddess and the wife of lord , was born to Bhishmaka, the king of the Vidarbha kingdom.
(1982). 9788120601512, Asian Educational Services. .
Vidarbha was part of the Satavahana Empire during 1st to 2nd century CE), ascertained by the Satavahana coins found in .

The coins and inscriptions from the period of king have been found in the northern parts the region. An inscription discovered at names Jagadeva as the son of the Paramara king (reigned c. 1060–1086).

(1980). 9788170171225, Abhinav Publications. .
Scholar M. H. Krishna argued that the king was known by the title "Jagadeva" ("Lord of the world") in the northern part of his kingdom, and it was he who issued these coins. However, all the known Chalukya coins featured , while the coins of Jagadeva featured the used by the Paramaras.

According to the , the region was part of , known as the Gulshan-e-Berar in the . In 1680, the region was captured by , the son of who was the founder of . In 1724, following a battle at , defeated the governor and declared independence. Most of the region came under the nominal rule of Jah, who later became the Nizam of Hyderabad, though the administration and right of collecting were held by the Marathas. In 1803, following the defeat of the Marathas, the region came under the rule of British East India Company.

Later, the took control of the region from the British East India Company in 1857.

(2000). 9780140047523, Penguin.
After Indian Independence in 1947, the region was part of the . After the States Reorganisation Act, which re-organized state boundaries, majority of the region became part of .
(1978). 9780836402223, Macmillan.


Geography
Vidarbha lies in on the northern part of the . It borders the state of to the north, to the east, to the south and and Uttar Maharashtra regions of Maharashtra to the west. It lies in the region of the and the terrain is largely flat. The lies to the north of Vidarbha region with in Amravati district forming part of the southern offshoot of the Satpura Range. Large rock formations exists throughout the region, part of the 66-million-year-old volcanic . Bhandara and Gondia district are entirely occupied by metamorphic rock and alluvium, making their geology unique in Maharashtra. The Poorna river basin lies in Western Vidarbha and comprises , Amaravati and Buldhana districts. The region has extremely high innate soil and water salinity.


Administration
Vidarbha has 11 districts divided into two divisions: Amravati (earlier ) and divisions.

Each district has a collector's office which is responsible for day-to-day administration. The District Collector is a Central Indian Government IAS appointee who is in charge of the governance of a district in a state. Districts Of Maharashtra


Demographics
Vidarbha has a total population of according to the 2011 India census. The region occupies 31.6% of the total area and is home to 21.3% of the total population of Maharashtra. According to the 2011 census, was the principal religion in the state at 76.91% of the total population, while constituted 13.08 of the total population. Vidarbha accounts for 45.91% of total Buddhists in .

936,226882,3911,818,617
Amravati1,482,8451,404,9812,887,826
Bhandara604,371594,4391,198,810
Buldhana1,342,1521,245,8872,588,039
Chandrapur1,120,3161,073,9462,194,262
Gadchiroli542,813528,9821,071,795
662,524659,8071,322,331
2,388,5582,264,6134,653,171
665,925630,2321,296,157
621,228575,4861,196,714
Yavatmal1,425,5931,349,8642,775,457

The largest city in the region is and other major cities include , , and .


Language and culture
As per the 2011 census, 73.72% of the population speaks , 8.30% , 6.23% , 2.58% , 1.83% , 1.10% and 1.02% as their first language. and Zadi dialects of are widely spoken.

festivals like , and are celebrated throughout the region.

The Nagpur Central Museum ( 1863) maintains collections from the region. Nagpur District Gazetteer


Economy
The of the region is estimated to be 2022-23. The region also holds considerable mineral resources and forest cover. The region is economically under developed compared to the rest of Maharashtra with considerable and .

The economy of the region is largely dependent on with oranges and being the major crops. Agriculture is largely dependent on seasonal and the region receives very less rainfall. and are common with more than 1.4 lakh farmer suicides in the period 1997 to 2006. Though the federal government has provided relief packages aimed at the region, with corruption rampant in the region. relief package for Vidarbha Columnist and journalist opined that the relief packages were destined to fail as corruption in the government meant that little impact happened on the ground.

Nagpur is a major hub for business and healthcare. MIHAN is the major cargo hub in the region, operational out of . Nagpur also hosts Information Technology Special Economic Zone (IT SEZ). for information-technology companies. Amravati and are known for cotton production. has a thermal power station, which is one of the biggest in India.

(2025). 9788178353722, Gyan Publishing House. .
There are other heavy industries and mines in the region.

The region has mineral resources with coal and , the major minerals. Iron ore and have also been identified as potential mining resources. "Maharashtra Resources" Chandrapur district contributes 29% of all mineral output of Maharashtra.


Education

Sports and recreation
is the most popular sport in the region. Nagpur's Vidarbha Cricket Association Ground (VCA) hosted international cricket matches. In 2008, the new Vidarbha Cricket Association Stadium was built in Jamtha.

The eastern part of Vidarbha consists of Maharashtra's oldest National Park, the Tadoba Andhari Tiger Reserve, one of the Project Tiger Reserves. is a place of pilgrimage with temples attributed to the Hindu saint who lived there. in Amravati district is a and popular tourist destination.


Politics
Vidarbha has ten constituencies. has two seats Nagpur and Ramtek, while Gadchiroli-Chimur Lok Sabha constituency is spread across districts of Chandrapur, Gadchiroli and . Yavatmal and form part of Yavatmal–Washim Lok Sabha constituency. Other seats include Akola, Amravati, Bhandara, Buldhana, Gondia, and Wardha. Amravati and Ramtek seats are reserved for candidates, while Gadchiroli-Chimur is reserved for . In the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly, the region is represented by 62 seats.


Demand for statehood
The Vidarbha movement started in the 1930s demanding a separate state of Vidarbha. The demand has been raised at times due to perceived neglect of the region by the Government of Maharashtra. While the demand is supported by major political parties and Congress, it is opposed by Shiv Sena, one of the major regional political parties in the state. Political economist opposed the separation of the region from Maharashtra, stating that it was not sustainable. He noted that income from available natural resources would not be able to balance the subsidies given by the government, whose cooperation would be vital to any development and that the division introduces societal risks due to dividing of the Marathi-speaking state.


See also
  • Dehani lift irrigation scheme
  • List of cities in Vidarbha
  • List of Maratha dynasties and states
  • Manav Vikas Mission
  • Proposed states and territories of India


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