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Dumortierite is a fibrous variably colored aluminium Boron-silicate mineral, Al7BO3(SiO4)3O3. It crystallizes in the orthorhombic system typically forming fibrous aggregates of slender prismatic . The crystals are Glass and vary in color from brown, blue, and green to more rare violet and pink. Substitution of iron and other tri-valent Chemical element for aluminium results in the color variations. It has a Mohs hardness of 7 and a specific gravity of 3.3 to 3.4. Crystals show pleochroism from red to blue to violet. Dumortierite quartz is blue colored quartz containing abundant dumortierite inclusions.
Dumortierite was first described in 1881 for an occurrence in Chaponost, in the Rhône-Alps of France and named for the French paleontologist Eugène Dumortier (1803–1873). It typically occurs in high temperature aluminium rich regional metamorphic rocks, those resulting from contact metamorphism and also in boron rich . The most extensive investigation on dumortierite was done on samples from the high grade metamorphic Gfohl unit in Austria by Fuchs et al. (2005).
It is used in the manufacture of high grade porcelain. It is sometimes mistaken for sodalite and has been used as imitation lapis lazuli.
Sources of dumortierite include Austria, Brazil, Canada, France, Italy, Madagascar, Namibia, Nevada, Norway, Peru, Poland, Russia, Indonesia, and Sri Lanka.
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