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Nebraska ( ) is a landlocked state in the Midwestern region of the . It borders to the north; to the east and to the southeast, both across the ; to the south; to the southwest; and to the west. Nebraska is the 16th-largest state by land area, with just over . With a population of over 2 million as of 2024, it is the 38th-most populous state and the eighth-least densely populated. Its capital is Lincoln, and its most populous city is Omaha, which is on the . Nebraska was admitted into the United States in 1867, two years after the end of the American Civil War. The Nebraska Legislature is unlike any other American legislature in that it is , and its members are elected without any official reference to political party affiliation. Nebraska is one of only two states that divide electoral college votes by district, and is not winner-take-all.

Nebraska is composed of two major land regions: the Dissected Till Plains and the . The Dissected Till Plains region consists of gently rolling hills and contains the state's largest cities, Omaha and Lincoln. The Great Plains region, occupying most of western Nebraska, is characterized by treeless . Eastern Nebraska has a humid continental climate while western Nebraska is primarily semi-arid. The state has wide variations between winter and summer temperatures; the variations decrease in southern Nebraska. Violent and occur primarily during spring and summer, and sometimes in autumn. The tends to warm the state significantly in the winter and early spring.

Indigenous peoples, including , , , , , and various branches of the () tribes, lived in the region for thousands of years before European discovery and exploration. The state is crossed by many historic trails, including that of the Lewis and Clark Expedition. The completion of the Transcontinental Railroad through Nebraska and passage of the led to rapid growth in the population of in the 1870s and 1880s and the development of a large agriculture sector for which the state is known to this day.


Etymology
Nebraska's name is the result of of the archaic Ñí Brásge (contemporary Otoe: Ñíbrahge; pronounced ), or the Omaha Ní Btháska, (pronounced ), meaning "flat water", after the which flows through the state.


History

Early history
Indigenous peoples lived in the region of present-day Nebraska for thousands of years before European colonization. The historic tribes in the state included the , , , , , and various branches of the (), some of which migrated from eastern areas into the region. When European exploration, trade, and settlement began, both Spain and France sought to control the region. In the 1690s, Spain established trade connections with the , whose territory then included western Nebraska. By 1703, France had developed a regular trade with native peoples along the in Nebraska, and by 1719 had signed treaties with several of these peoples. After war broke out between the two countries, Spain dispatched an armed expedition to Nebraska under Lieutenant General Pedro de Villasur in 1720. The party was attacked and destroyed near present-day Columbus by a large force of Pawnee and Otoe, both allied with the French. The massacre ended Spanish exploration of the area for the remainder of the 18th century. "Villasur Sent to Nebraska". Nebraskastudies.org. Retrieved January 4, 2015. Retrieved January 4, 2015.

In 1762, during the Seven Years' War, France ceded the Louisiana Territory to . This left Britain and Spain competing for dominance along the Mississippi River; by 1773, the British were trading with the native peoples of Nebraska. Spain dispatched two trading expeditions up the Missouri River in 1794 and 1795; the second, under James Mackay, established the first European settlement in Nebraska near the mouth of the Platte River. Later that year, Mackay's party built a trading post, dubbed Fort Carlos IV (Fort Charles), near present-day Homer. "Louisiana: European explorations and the Louisiana Purchase". Library of Congress. Retrieved January 4, 2015.Wood, W. Raymond. Nebraska History 76 (Spring 1995), pp. 2–9. Retrieved January 4, 2015.


American settlement and statehood
In 1819, the United States established Fort Atkinson as the first U.S. Army post west of the Missouri River, just east of present-day Fort Calhoun. The army abandoned the fort in 1827 as migration moved further west. European-American settlement was scarce until 1848 and the California Gold Rush. On May 30, 1854, the U.S. Congress created the and Nebraska territories, divided by the Parallel 40° North, under the Kansas–Nebraska Act. The Nebraska Territory included parts of the current states of , , , , and . The Handybook for Genealogists: United States of America, 10th ed. (Draper Utah: Everton Publishers, 2002). The territorial capital of Nebraska was Omaha. in central Nebraska in 1888

|left]]

Late 19th century In the 1860s, after the U.S. government forced many of the American Indian tribes to cede their lands and settle on reservations, it opened large tracts of land to agricultural development by European immigrants and . Under the , thousands of settlers migrated into Nebraska to claim free land granted by the federal government. Because so few trees grew on the , many of the first farming settlers built their , as had Native Americans such as the Omaha. The first wave of settlement gave the territory a sufficient population to apply for statehood.Marsha Hoffman and Dwight A. Radford, "Nebraska", Redbook: American State, County, and Town Sources, 3rd ed. (Provo: Ancestry, 2004), 408. Nebraska became the 37th state on March 1, 1867, and the capital was moved from Omaha to the center at Lancaster, later renamed Lincoln after the recently assassinated President of the United States, . The battle of , on August 5, 1873, was the last major battle between the and the . The Nebraska Indian Wars Reader, 1865–1877 By R. Eli Paul p. 88 Publisher: University of Nebraska Press (April 1, 1998)

During the 1870s to the 1880s, Nebraska experienced a large growth in population. Several factors contributed to attracting new residents. The first was that the vast prairie land was perfect for cattle grazing. This helped settlers to learn the unfamiliar geography of the area. The second factor was the invention of several farming technologies. New agricultural innovations such as barbed wire, windmills, and the steel plow, combined with fair weather, enabled settlers to transform Nebraska into prime farming land. By the 1880s, Nebraska's population had soared to more than 450,000 people. Redbook The holiday was founded in Nebraska City by territorial governor J. Sterling Morton. The National Arbor Day Foundation is still headquartered in Nebraska City, with some offices in Lincoln.

In the late 19th century, African Americans migrated from the South to Nebraska as part of the Great Migration. Eventually, they moved primarily to which offered working-class jobs in meat packing, the railroads and other industries. Omaha has a long history of civil rights activism. Blacks encountered discrimination from other Americans in Omaha and especially from recent European immigrants who were also competing for the same jobs as well.


20th century
In 1912, African Americans founded the Omaha chapter of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People to work for improved conditions in the city and state. During the Omaha Race Riots in 1919, many white rioters protested throughout Omaha in response to an incident in which a black man was accused of sexually assaulting a white woman. also greatly affected the residents of Nebraska. From 1930 to 1936 the , a period of dust storms caused by drought, destruction of topsoil by farming practices, and other factors affected Nebraska along with much of the Midwestern United States. In 1934, voters passed an initiative to make Nebraska's legislature a unicameral body, and the first unicameral session was held in 1937. Kay Orr was elected Nebraska's first female governor on November 4, 1986.


Geography
The state is bordered by to the north; to the east and to the southeast, across the ; to the south; to the southwest; and to the west. The state has 93 counties and is split between two , with the majority of the state observing Central Time and the Panhandle and surrounding counties observing Mountain Time. Three rivers cross the state from west to east. The , formed by the confluence of the North Platte and the South Platte, runs through the state's central portion, the flows through the northern part, and the runs across the southern part.

The first Constitution of Nebraska in 1866 described Nebraska's boundaries as follows (The description of the Northern border is no longer accurate, since the Keya Paha River and the no longer form the boundary of the state of Nebraska. Instead, Nebraska's Northern border now extends east along the forty-third degree of north latitude until it meets the directly.):

Nebraska is composed of two major land regions: the Dissected Till Plains and the . The easternmost portion of the state was scoured by ; the Dissected Till Plains were left after the glaciers retreated. The Dissected Till Plains is a region of gently rolling hills; Omaha and Lincoln are in this region. The Great Plains occupy most of western Nebraska, with the region consisting of several smaller, diverse land regions, including the Sandhills, the Pine Ridge, the , the High Plains and the . , at , is Nebraska's highest point; though despite its name and elevation, it is a relatively low rise near the and borders. A past tourism slogan for the state of Nebraska was "Where the West Begins" (it has since been changed to "Honestly, it's not for everyone"). Locations given for the beginning of the "West" in Nebraska include the Missouri River, the intersection of 13th and O Streets in Lincoln (where it is marked by a red brick star), the 100th meridian, and Chimney Rock.


Federal land management
Areas under the management of the National Park Service include:
  • Agate Fossil Beds National Monument near Harrison
  • Chimney Rock National Historic Site near Bayard
  • Homestead National Monument of America in Beatrice
  • Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail
  • Missouri National Recreational River near Ponca
  • Niobrara National Scenic River near Valentine
  • Scotts Bluff National Monument at Gering

Areas under the management of the National Forest Service include:

  • Nebraska National Forest
  • Oglala National Grassland
  • Samuel R. McKelvie National Forest


Climate
Two major climatic zones are represented in Nebraska. The eastern two-thirds of the state has a humid continental climate (Köppen Dfa), although the southwest of this region may be classed as a humid subtropical climate ( Cfa) using the near the Kansas state line, analogous to the predominantly humid subtropical climate of Kansas and . Western Nebraska, including The Panhandle and adjacent areas bordering Colorado have a semi-arid climate (Köppen BSk). The entire state experiences wide seasonal variations in both temperature and precipitation. Average temperatures are fairly uniform across Nebraska, with hot summers and generally cold winters. However, from the provide a temporary moderating effect on temperatures in the state's western portion during the winter. Thus, average January maximum temperatures are highest at around in southwestern Dundy County, and lowest at about around South Sioux City in the northeast.

Average annual precipitation decreases east to west from about in the southeast corner of the state to about in the Panhandle. Humidity also decreases significantly from east to west. Snowfall across the state is fairly even, with most of Nebraska receiving between of snow each year.[5] Nebraska's highest-recorded temperature was in Minden on July 24, 1936. The state's lowest-recorded temperature was in Camp Clarke on February 12, 1899.

Nebraska is located in . are common during both the spring and the summer. Violent thunderstorms and happen primarily during those two seasons, although they also can occur occasionally during the autumn.

+Average daily maximum and minimum temperatures for selected cities in Nebraska
1/−10
2/−10
2/−10
2/−11
4/−11
0/−11


Settlements
Eighty-nine percent of the cities in Nebraska have fewer than 3,000 people. Nebraska shares this characteristic with five other Midwestern states: , , and , and . Hundreds of towns have a population of fewer than 1,000. Regional population declines have forced many rural schools to consolidate.

Fifty-three of Nebraska's 93 counties reported declining populations between 1990 and 2000, ranging from a 0.06% loss (Frontier County) to a 17.04% loss (Hitchcock County).

More urbanized areas of the state have experienced substantial growth. In 2000, the city of Omaha had a population of 390,007; in 2005, the city's estimated population was 414,521 (427,872 including the recently annexed city of Elkhorn), a 6.3% increase over five years. The 2010 census showed that Omaha has a population of 408,958. The city of Lincoln had a 2000 population of 225,581 and a 2010 population of 258,379, a 14.5% increase. As of the 2010 census, there were 530 cities and villages in the state of Nebraska. There are five classifications of cities and villages in Nebraska, which are based upon population. All population figures are 2017 Census Bureau estimates unless flagged by a reference number.

Metropolitan Class City (300,000 or more)

  • Omaha 466,893

Primary Class City (100,000–299,999)

  • Lincoln 284,736

First Class City (5,000–99,999)

  • Bellevue 53,424
  • Grand Island 51,390
  • Kearney 33,835
  • Fremont 26,457
  • Hastings 24,989
  • Norfolk 24,434
  • North Platte 23,888
  • Columbus 23,128
  • Papillion 19,539
  • La Vista 17,116
  • Scottsbluff 14,874
  • South Sioux City 12,911
  • Beatrice 12,295
  • Lexington 10,024
  • Gering 8,319
  • Alliance 8,164
  • Blair 8,091
  • York 7,862
  • McCook 7,540
  • Ralston 7,333
  • Nebraska City 7,313
  • Seward 7,181
  • Crete 7,160
  • Sidney 6,620
  • Plattsmouth 6,451
  • Schuyler 6,212
  • Chadron 5,648
  • Wayne 5,439
  • Holdrege 5,494
  • Gretna 5,062

Second Class Cities (800–4,999) and Villages (100–800) make up the rest of the communities in Nebraska. There are 116 second-class cities and 382 villages in the state.

Metropolitan areas 2017 estimate data

  • Omaha-Council Bluffs 763,326 (Nebraska portion); 933,316 (total for Nebraska and Iowa)
  • Lincoln 331,519
  • Sioux City, Iowa 26,836 (Nebraska portion); 168,618 (total for Nebraska, Iowa and South Dakota)
  • Grand Island 85,045

areas 2012 estimate data

Other areas

  • Grand Island, Hastings and Kearney comprise the "Tri-Cities" area, with a combined population of 174,530.
  • The northeast corner of Nebraska is part of the region.


Demographics

Population
The 2020 United States census reported that the population of Nebraska was 1,961,504 on April 1, 2020, a 7.4% increase since the 2010 United States census. The center of population of Nebraska is in Polk County, in the city of Shelby.

According to HUD's 2022 Annual Homeless Assessment Report, there were an estimated 2,246 homeless people in Nebraska.

The table below shows the racial composition of Nebraska's population as of 2022.

+ Nebraska racial composition of population
100%
78.4%
4.7%
1.0%
2.5%
0.1%
4.4%
8.9%

+ Nebraska historical racial composition
78.4%
4.9%
2.7%
1.2%
0.1%
5.4%
7.3%

According to the 2016 American Community Survey, 10.2% of Nebraska's population were of Hispanic or Latino origin (of any race): (7.8%), (0.2%), (0.2%), and other Hispanic or Latino origin (2.0%). The largest ancestry groups were: (36.1%), (13.1%), (7.8%), (4.7%), (4.3%), and (3.5%).

Nebraska has the largest and non-Mormon population (as a percentage of the total population) in the nation. Nebraska is also home to the largest population in the Great Plains. are the largest ancestry group in most of the state, particularly in the eastern counties. Thurston County (made up entirely of the Omaha and Winnebago reservations) has an American Indian majority, and Butler County is one of only two counties in the nation with a Czech-American plurality.

In recent years, Nebraska has become home to many refugee communities. In 2016, it welcomed more refugees per capita than any other state. Nebraska, and in particular Lincoln, is the largest home of refugees and in the United States.

Notably, Nebraska was the last of all 50 states to maintain a ban on the issuance of driver's licenses to adults who had entered the United States illegally as children (also known as Dreamers). The state legislature lifted the ban in December 2016.

, , , , and are top countries of origin for Nebraska's immigrants.


Birth data
As of 2011, 31.0% of Nebraska's population younger than ageone were minorities." Americans under age1 now mostly minorities, but not in Ohio: Statistical Snapshot ". The Plain Dealer. June 3, 2012.

+ Live Births by Single Race/Ethnicity of Mother
White19,237 (73.7%)19,471 (72.6%)19,201 (72.0%)18,729 (70.4%)17,827 (69.0%)17,645 (69.2%)16,930 (68.4%)16,433 (67.7%)16,767 (68.1%)16,120 (66.2%)15,656 (64.9%)
Black1,979 (7.6%)2,015 (7.5%)2,009 (7.5%)1,685 (6.3%)1,688 (6.5%)1,739 (6.8%)1,654 (6.7%)1,631 (6.7%)1,533 (6.2%)1,597 (6.6%)1,506 (6.2%)
854 (3.3%)1,048 (3.9%)987 (3.7%)894 (3.4%)861 (3.3%)925 (3.6%)857 (3.5%)870 (3.6%)861 (3.5%)816 (3.4%)823 (3.4%)
American Indian592 (2.3%)553 (2.1%)557 (2.1%)353 (1.3%)399 (1.5%)342 (1.3%)341 (1.4%)284 (1.2%)248 (1.0%)261 (1.1%)297 (1.2%)
Hispanic (any race)3,895 (14.9%)4,143 (15.6%)4,249 (15.9%)4,282 (16.1%)4,382 (17.0%)4,155 (16.3%)4,345 (17.6%)4,393 (18.1%)4,440 (18.0%)4,815 (19.8%)5,010 (20.8%)
Total26,095 (100%)26,794 (100%)26,679 (100%)26,589 (100%)25,821 (100%)25,488 (100%)24,755 (100%)24,291 (100%)24,609 (100%)24,345 (100%)24,111 (100%)

Note: For 2013–2015, births in table don't add up, because Hispanics are counted both by their ethnicity and by their race, giving a higher overall number. Since 2016, data for births of White Hispanic origin are not collected, but included in one Hispanic group; persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race.


Religion
The religious affiliations of the people of Nebraska are predominantly Christian, according to a 2014 survey by the Pew Research Center. At the 2020 Public Religion Research Institute survey, 73% of the population identified as Christian. At the 2014 Pew Research Center's survey, 20% of the population were religiously unaffiliated; in 2020, the Public Religion Research Institute determined 22% of the population became religiously unaffiliated. The 2023–24 Pew Research Center Religious Landscape Study found that 74% of Nebraskans identified as Christians and 21% were religiously unaffiliated.

The largest single denominations by number of adherents in 2010 were the (372,838), the Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod (112,585), the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (110,110) and the United Methodist Church (109,283).


Taxation
Nebraska has a . The portion of income from $0 to $2,400 is taxed at 2.56%; from $2,400 to $17,500, at 3.57%; from $17,500 to $27,000, at 5.12%; and income over $27,000, at 6.84%. The standard deduction for a single taxpayer is $5,700; the personal exemption is $118.

Nebraska has a state sales and use tax of 5.5%. In addition to the state tax, some Nebraska cities assess a city sales and use tax, in 0.5% increments, up to a maximum of 1.5%. Dakota County levies an additional 0.5% county sales tax. "Frequently Asked Questions about Nebraska Sales and Use Tax". Nebraska Department of Revenue. Retrieved August 27, 2012. Food and ingredients that are generally for home preparation and consumption are not taxable. All within the state of Nebraska is taxable unless specifically exempted by statute. Since 1992, only depreciable personal property is subject to tax and all other personal property is exempt from tax. is collected at the county level.


Economy
  • Total employment (2016): 884,450
  • Total employer establishments: 54,265

The Bureau of Economic Analysis estimates of Nebraska's gross state product in 2010 was $89.8 billion. Per capita personal income in 2004 was $31,339, 25th in the nation. Nebraska has a large agriculture sector, and is a major producer of , , , , , and . Other important economic sectors include transport (by rail and truck), , telecommunications, information technology, and .

In October 2021, Nebraska recorded an unemployment rate of 1.9%, the lowest ever recorded for any state.


Industry
was created in 1927 by Edwin Perkins in the city of Hastings, which celebrates the event the second weekend of every August with Kool-Aid Days, and Kool-Aid is the official soft drink of Nebraska. were developed by Clifton Hillegass of Rising City. He adapted his pamphlets from the Canadian publications, Coles Notes.

Omaha is home to Berkshire Hathaway, whose chief executive officer (CEO), , was ranked in March 2009 by magazine as the second-richest person in the world. The city is also home to Mutual of Omaha, InfoUSA, , Valmont Industries, Woodmen of the World, Kiewit Corporation, Union Pacific Railroad, and Gallup. Ameritas Life Insurance Corp., , Sandhills Publishing Company, Duncan Aviation, and are based in Lincoln. The Buckle is based in Kearney. Sidney is the national headquarters for Cabela's, a specialty retailer of outdoor goods now owned by Bass Pro Shops. Grand Island is the headquarters of , a manufacturer of .

The world's largest , Union Pacific's , is in North Platte. The was invented by William Petersen in 1924, and was manufactured in De Witt until the plant was closed and moved to China in late 2008.Jirovsky, Kristin. "Owner of Nail Jack Tools wants to share former Vise-Grip plant" , Lincoln Journal-Star. January 8, 2009.

Lincoln's Kawasaki Motors Manufacturing is the only Kawasaki plant in the world to produce the , all-terrain vehicle (ATV), and product lines. The facility employs more than 1,200 people.

The Spade Ranch, in the Sandhills, is one of Nebraska's oldest and largest beef cattle operations.


Energy
Nebraska has been the nation's second-largest producer of ethanol . It has few fossil-fuel resources except for crude oil from the Niobrara Formation which underlays a portion of the state's western region. It hosts one uranium leach mining operation near its northwest border with Wyoming. It has an abundance of renewable generation resources, including untapped biomass generation potential from its productive agriculture industry. It has been a top-ten state for per-capita energy consumption due in large part to its energy-intensive agriculture, meat packing, and food processing industries.

Nebraska is the only state in the US where all are publicly owned. Half of its electricity is generated from coal and the fastest-growing source in recent years has been wind. Nebraska has no renewable portfolio standard while supporting .


Transportation

Railroads
The Union Pacific Railroad, headquartered in Omaha, was incorporated on July 1, 1862, in the wake of the Pacific Railway Act of 1862. "An Act to aid in the construction of a railroad and telegraph line from the Missouri river to the Pacific Ocean, and to secure to the government the use of the same for postal, military, and other purposes 12 Stat. 489, July 1, 1862 , in North Platte, is the largest railroad classification yard in the world. The route of the original transcontinental railroad runs through the state.

Other major railroads with operations in the state are ; ; Canadian National Railway; and Iowa Interstate Railroad.


Roads and highways

Public transit
  • Omaha Metro Transit
  • Scottsbluff Tri-City Roadrunner
  • Sioux City Transit


Intercity bus service


Law and government
The Government of Nebraska operates under the framework of the Nebraska Constitution, adopted in 1875, "Nebraska as a State". Andreas's History of the State of Nebraska. . Retrieved February 18, 2010. and is divided into three branches: executive, legislative, and judicial.


Executive branch
The head of the executive branch is Governor (Republican). The Governor of Nebraska is the head of government of the U.S. state of Nebraska as provided by the fourth article of the Constitution of Nebraska. Other elected officials in the executive branch are Lieutenant Governor Joe Kelly, Attorney General , Secretary of State , , and Mike Foley. All elected officials in the executive branch serve four-year terms.


Legislative branch
Nebraska is the only state in the United States with a 'single-house' legislature. Although this house is officially known simply as the "Legislature", and more commonly called the "Unicameral", its members call themselves "senators". Nebraska's Legislature is also the only state legislature in the United States that is officially nonpartisan. The senators are elected with no party affiliation next to their names on the ballot, and members of any party can be elected to the positions of speaker and committee chairs. The Nebraska Legislature can also override the governor's veto with a three-fifths majority, in contrast to the two-thirds majority required in some other states.

When Nebraska became a state in 1867, its legislature consisted of two houses: a House of Representatives and a Senate. For years, U.S. Senator George Norris (Senator 1913–1943) and other Nebraskans encouraged the idea of a unicameral legislature and demanded the issue be decided in a . Norris argued:

Unicameral supporters also argued that a [[bicameral|bicameralism]] legislature had a significant undemocratic feature in the committees that reconciled House and Senate legislation. Votes in these committees were secretive, and would sometimes add provisions to bills that neither house had approved. Nebraska's unicameral legislature today has rules that bills can contain only one subject, and must be given at least five days of consideration. In 1934, due in part to the budgetary pressure of the [[Great Depression]], Nebraska citizens ran a state initiative to vote on a constitutional amendment creating a unicameral legislature, which was approved, which, in effect, abolished the House of Representatives (the lower house).
     

The Legislature meets in the third Nebraska State Capitol building, built between 1922 and 1932. It was designed by . Built from Indiana Limestone, the capitol's base is a cross within a square. A 400-foot (122 m) domed tower rises from this base. The Sower, a 19-foot (5.8 m) bronze statue representing agriculture, crowns the building.


Judicial branch
The judicial system in Nebraska is unified, with the Nebraska Supreme Court having administrative authority over all the courts within the state. Nebraska uses the for the selection of judges at all levels, including county courts (as the lowest-level courts) and twelve district courts, which contain one or more counties. The Court of Appeals hears appeals from the district courts, juvenile courts, and workers' compensation courts.


Federal representation
Nebraska is represented in the U.S. Senate by Republican , who was first elected in 2012. Nebraska's other Senate seat is currently held by , who took office on January 23, 2023.

Nebraska has three representative seats in the U.S. House of Representatives. Until the next election, Nebraska's representatives are Mike Flood (R) of the 1st district, (R) of the 2nd district, and Adrian Smith (R) of the 3rd district.

Nebraska is one of two states ( is the other) that allow for a split in the state's allocation of electoral votes in presidential elections. Under a 1991 law, two of Nebraska's five votes are awarded to the winner of the statewide popular vote, while the other three go to the highest vote-getter in each of the state's three congressional districts.


Politics
For most of its history, Nebraska has been a solidly Republican state. Republicans have carried the state in all but one presidential election since 1940: the 1964 landslide election of Lyndon B. Johnson. In the 2004 presidential election, George W. Bush won the state's five electoral votes by a margin of 33 percentage points (making Nebraska's the fourth-strongest Republican vote among states) with 65.9% of the overall vote; only Thurston County, which is majority-Native American, voted for his Democratic challenger . In 2008, the state split its electoral votes for the first time: Republican won the popular vote in Nebraska as a whole and two of its three congressional districts; the second district, which includes the city of Omaha, went for Democrat . Since then, the state has split its electoral vote twice, with the second district going for the Democratic Party candidates in 2020 and in 2024.

Despite the current Republican domination of Nebraska politics, the state has a long tradition of electing members of both parties to state and federal office; examples include George W. Norris (who served a few years in the Senate as an independent), J. James Exon, , and . Voters have tilted to the right in recent years, a trend evidenced when Hagel retired from the Senate in 2008 and was succeeded by conservative Republican to the U.S. Senate, as well as with the 2006 re-election of , who was considered the most conservative Democrat in the Senate until his retirement in 2013. Johanns retired in 2015 and was succeeded by , while Nelson retired in 2013 and was succeeded by , both conservative Republicans.

Though its politics are generally conservative, the state also has a history of progressive reform. Nebraska was the first U.S. state to outlaw sexual assault within a marriage, in 1975. In 1980 it became the first U.S. state to divest from South Africa to protest the racist system of .

Former President was born in Nebraska but moved away shortly after birth. native William Jennings Bryan represented Nebraska in Congress, served as U.S. Secretary of State under President , and unsuccessfully ran for president three times. Former Vice President was born in Lincoln but moved to Casper.

Republican623,50349.54%
Democratic330,72826.28%
Nonpartisan276,99222.01%
Libertarian17,6941.40%
Other/minor parties9,6710.77%


Education

Colleges and universities
University of Nebraska system
  • University of Nebraska–Lincoln
  • University of Nebraska at Kearney
  • University of Nebraska at Omaha
  • University of Nebraska Medical Center
  • Nebraska College of Technical Agriculture
Nebraska State College System
  • Chadron State College
  • Peru State College
  • Wayne State College

Community Colleges

  • Central Community College
  • Little Priest Tribal College
  • Metropolitan Community College
  • Mid-Plains Community College
  • Nebraska Indian Community College
  • Northeast Community College
  • Southeast Community College
  • Western Nebraska Community College

Private colleges/universities


Culture

Arts
Museums

Performing arts

  • Lied Center for Performing Arts, in Lincoln
  • Orpheum Theatre, in Omaha
  • Holland Performing Arts Center, in Omaha
  • Omaha Community Playhouse, in Omaha
  • Rose Blumkin Performing Arts Center, in Omaha
  • Blue Barn Theatre, in Omaha


Sports

Professional sports
OmahaJanuary 24, 2024Pro Volleyball Federation
OmahaJuly 25, 2020SoccerUSL League One
Omaha Storm ChasersOmaha Baseball (minor league) (Triple-A)International League
Nebraska StampedeRalston Football (women's)Women's Football Alliance
Lincoln Baseball (independent)American Association
Omaha Football (indoor)Champions Indoor Football


Junior-level sports
United States Hockey League1996
1986
2000
No Coast Derby GirlsWomen's Flat Track Derby Association2005
Omaha Rollergirls2006


College sports
Nebraska is currently home to seven member schools of the NCAA, eight of the NAIA, seven of the NJCAA, one of the NCCAA, and one independent school.

The College World Series has been held in Omaha since 1950. It was held at Rosenblatt Stadium from 1950 through 2010, and has been domiciled at Charles Schwab Field Omaha since 2011.


See also
  • Index of Nebraska-related articles
  • Outline of Nebraska


Notes

Bibliography

Surveys
  • Andreas, Alfred T., History of the State of Nebraska (1882) (a highly detailed history)
  • Archer, J. Clark, et al. Atlas of Nebraska. (U of Nebraska Press, 2017). Pp. xxii+ 214, color maps, illustrations, photographs, charts, graphs, bibliography. online review
  • Creigh, Dorothy Weyers. Nebraska: A Bicentennial History (1977)
  • Faulkner, Virginia, ed. Roundup: A Nebraska Reader (1957)
  • Chokecherry Places, Essays from the High Plains, Merrill Gilfillan, Johnson Press, Boulder, Colorado, trade paperback, .
  • Hickey, Donald R. Nebraska Moments: Glimpses of Nebraska's Past (1992).
  • Miewald, Robert D., Nebraska Government & Politics (1984)
  • Luebke Frederick C. Nebraska: An Illustrated History (1995)
  • Naugle, Ronald C., John J. Montag, and James C. Olson. History of Nebraska (4th ed. U of Nebraska Press, 2015). 568 pp. online review
  • Wishart, David J. ed. Encyclopedia of the Great Plains, University of Nebraska Press, 2004, . complete text online ; 900 pages of scholarly articles
  • Nebraska: A Guide to the Cornhusker State, WPA Guide, 1939; scanned online edition


Scholarly special studies
  • Barnhart, John D. "Rainfall and the Populist Party in Nebraska". American Political Science Review 19 (1925): 527–40. in JSTOR
  • Beezley, William H. "Homesteading in Nebraska, 1862–1872", Nebraska History 53 (spring 1972): 59–75
  • Bentley, Arthur F. "The Condition of the Western Farmer as Illustrated by the Economic History of a Nebraska Township". Johns Hopkins University Studies in Historical and Political Science 11 (1893): 285–370
  • Cherny, Robert W. Populism, Progressivism, and the Transformation of Nebraska Politics, 1885–1915 (1981)
  • Bogue Allen G. Money at Interest: The Farm Mortgage on the Middle Border (1955)
  • Brunner, Edmund de S. Immigrant Farmers and Their Children (1929)
  • Chudacoff, Howard P. Mobile Americans: Residential and Social Mobility in Omaha, 1880–1920 (1972)
    • Chudacoff, Howard P. "A New Look at Ethnic Neighborhoods: Residential Dispersion and the Concept of Visibility in a Medium-sized City". Journal of American History 60 (1973): 76–93. about Omaha; in JSTOR
  • Coletta, Paolo E. William Jennings Bryan. 3 vols. (1964–69)
  • Dick, Everett. The Sod-House Frontier: 1854–1890 (1937)
  • Farragher, John Mack. Women and Men on the Overland Trail (1979)
  • Fuller, Wayne E. The Old Country School: The Story of Rural Education in the Midwest (1982)
  • Grant, Michael Johnston. "Down and Out on the Family Farm" (2002)
  • Harper, Ivy. Walzing Matilda: Life and Times of Nebraska Senator Robert Kerrey (1992)
  • Holter, Don W. Flames on the Plains: A History of United Methodism in Nebraska (1983)
  • Jeffrey, Julie Roy. Frontier Women: The Trans-Mississippi West, 1840–1880 (1979)
  • Klein, Maury. Union Pacific: The Birth of a Railroad, 1862–1893 (1986)
  • Larsen, Lawrence H. The Gate City: A History of Omaha (1982)
  • Lowitt, Richard. George W. Norris 3 vols. (1971)
  • Luebke, Frederick C. Immigrants and Politics: The Germans of Nebraska, 1880–1900 (1969)
  • Luebke, Frederick C. "The German-American Alliance in Nebraska, 1910–1917". Nebraska History 49 (1969): 165–85
  • Olson, James C. J. Sterling Morton (1942)
  • Overton, Richard C. Burlington West: A Colonization History of the Burlington Railroad (1941)
  • Parsons Stanley B. "Who Were the Nebraska Populists?" Nebraska History 44 (1963): 83–99
  • Pierce, Neal. The Great Plains States (1973)
  • Pederson, James F., and Kenneth D. Wald. Shall the People Rule? A History of the Democratic Party in Nebraska Politics (1972)
  • Riley, Glenda. The Female Frontier. A Comparative View of Women on the Prairie and the Plains (1978)
  • Wenger, Robert W. "The Anti-Saloon League in Nebraska Politics, 1898–1910". Nebraska History 52 (1971): 267–92


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