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Monday is the day of the week that takes place between Sunday and Tuesday. According to the International Organization for Standardization's ISO 8601 standard, it is the first day of the week.
Many languages use either terms directly derived from these names or loan translations based on them. The English noun Monday derived sometime before 1200 from monedæi, which itself developed from Old English (around 1000) mōnandæg and mōndæg (literally meaning "moon's day"), which has cognates in other Germanic languages, including Old Frisian mōnadeig, Middle Low German and Middle Dutch mānendag, mānendach (modern Dutch language Maandag), Old High German mānetag (modern German language Montag), and Old Norse mánadagr (Swedish language and Norwegian nynorsk måndag, Icelandic mánudagur. Danish language and Norwegian bokmål mandag). The Germanic term is a Germanic interpretation of Latin lunae dies ("day of the moon").Barnhart (1995:485). Japanese and Korean language share the same ancient Written Chinese '月曜日' (Hiragana:げつようび, Transliteration getsuyо̄bi, Hangeul:월요일) for Monday which means "day of the moon". In many Indo-Aryan languages, the word for Monday is Somavāra or Chandravāra, Sanskrit loan-translations of "Monday".
In some cases, the "ecclesiastical" names are used, a tradition of numbering the days of the week to avoid the pagan connotation of the planetary or deities’ names, and to keep with the biblical name, in which Monday is the "second day" (Hebrew יום שני, Greek Δευτέρα ἡμέρα ( Deutéra hēméra), Latin feria secunda, Arabic الأثنين). In many Slavic languages the name of the day translates to "after Sunday/holiday". Russian language понедельник ( ponyedyelnik) literally translated, Monday means "next to the week", по "next to" or "on" недельник "(the) week" Croatian and Bosnian language ponedjeljak, Serbian language понедељак ( ponedeljak), Ukrainian понеділок ( ponedilok), Bulgarian понеделник ( ponedelnik), Polish language poniedziałek, Czech language pondělí, Slovak language pondelok, Slovenian ponedeljek. In Turkish it is called pazartesi, which also means "after Sunday".
The Portuguese and the Greek language (Eastern Orthodox Church) also retain the ecclesiastical tradition (Portuguese segunda-feira, Greek Δευτέρα " deutéra" "second"). Vietnamese, whose Latin-based alphabet was originally romanization by Portuguese Jesuits missionary, adopted this convention and thus also refers to Monday as Second Day ( thứ Hai). Likewise, the Modern Hebrew name for Monday is yom-sheni (יום שני).
While in North America, Sunday is the first day of the week, the Geneva-based International Organization for Standardization places Monday as the first day of the week in its ISO 8601 standard. Monday is xīngqīyī (星期一) in Chinese language, meaning "day one of the week".
In the Eastern Orthodox Church, Mondays are days on which the are commemorated. The Octoechos contains on this theme, arranged in an eight-week cycle, which are chanted on Mondays throughout the year. At the end of Divine Services on Mondays, the dismissal begins with the words: "May Christ our True God, through the , of his most-pure Theotokos, of the honorable, Bodiless Powers (i.e., the angels) of Heaven…". In many Eastern monastery Mondays are observed as fast days; because Mondays are dedicated to the angels, and strive to live an angelic life. In these monasteries, the monks abstain from meat, fowl, dairy products, fish, wine and oil (if a feast day occurs on a Monday, fish, wine and oil may be allowed, depending upon the particular feast).
Members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints spend one evening per week, called Family Home Evening (FHE) or Family Night. This is usually a Monday, when families are encouraged to spend time together in study, prayer and other family activities.
There are a number of Hadith which narrated of Muhammad fasting on these days. According to the same Hadith, Muhammad was born on a Monday. It is also narrated that he received his first revelation (which would later become Quran) on Monday.
In Judaism, a small portion of the weekly Parashah in Torah is read in public on Monday and Thursday mornings, as a supplement for the Saturday reading). Special penitential prayers are recited on Monday unless there is a special occasion for happiness which cancels them. According to the Mishna and Talmud, these traditions are due to Monday and Thursday being "the market days" when people gathered from the towns to the city.
A tradition of Ashkenazi Jews to voluntarily fast on the first consecutive Monday, Thursday and Monday of the Hebrew month is prevalent among the ultra-orthodox.
In Hebrew, Monday is called "Yom Shení", literally meaning "Second Day", following the biblical reference to the sabbath day as the "Seventh-day" and the tradition of that day being on Saturday. It has been established that the phonetic and cultural link between the planet Saturn, Saturday and the Sabbath day is of ancient Mesopotamian origin. Saturn Jews, Eric Zafran Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes. See also Hebrew University Professor Moshe Idel's book, Saturn Jews, and Shlomo Sela's article Saturn and the Jews (University of Pennsylvania) about trends in late Judaism distancing it from the link between the Sabbath day and Saturn.
There is a band named the Happy Mondays and an American pop-punk band Hey Monday.
The popular comic strip character Garfield by Jim Davis is well known for his hatred for Mondays, mostly accompanied by the catchphrase “I hate Mondays.”
In the United Kingdom, more people commit suicide in England and Wales on Mondays than other days of the week; more people in the country in general call in sick; and more people worldwide surf the web.
In July 2002, the consulting firm PricewaterhouseCoopers announced that it would rename its consultancy practice "Monday", and would spend $110 million over the next year to establish the brand. When IBM acquired the consultancy three months later it chose not to retain the new name.
On October 17, 2022, Guinness World Records announced on Twitter that Monday is the '
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