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Convolvulaceae (), commonly called the or , is a family of about 60 genera and more than 1,650 species. These species are primarily , but also include , and . The of several species are edible, the best known of which is the .


Description
Convolvulaceae can be recognized by their funnel-shaped, radially symmetrical corolla; the floral formula for the family has five , five fused , five epipetalous (stamens fused to the petals), and a two-part and superior . The stems of these plants are usually winding, hence their Latin name (from convolvere, "to wind"). The leaves are simple and alternate, without . In parasitic (dodder) they are reduced to scales. The fruit can be a capsule, berry, or nut, all containing only two seeds per one (one /ovary).

The leaves and starchy, of some species are used as (e.g. and ), and the seeds are exploited for their medicinal value as . Some species contain that are likely responsible for the use of these species as ingredients in drugs (e.g. ). The presence of ergolines in some species of this family is due to infection by related to the ergot fungi of the genus . A recent study of Convolvulaceae species, Ipomoea asarifolia, and its associated showed the presence of a fungus, identified by of 18s and ITS and to be closely related to fungi in the family , was always associated with the presence of ergoline alkaloids in the plant. The identified fungus appears to be a seed-transmitted, obligate growing on its host. This finding strongly suggests the unique presence of ergoline alkaloids in some species of the family Convolvulaceae is due to with fungi. Moreover, another group of compounds, , commonly produced by some members of the clavicipitaceous fungi (genus ), has been identified in a convolvulaceous species, but the origin of the loline alkaloids in this species is unknown.

Members of the family are well known as food plants (e.g. sweet potatoes and ), as showy garden plants (e.g. ) and as troublesome weeds (e.g. (mainly and ) and ), while Humbertia madagascariensis is a medium-sized tree and is an erect shrub. Some parasitic members of this family are also used medicinally.


Genera
Tribe Aniseieae

Tribe Cardiochlamyeae

Tribe Convolvuleae

Tribe Cresseae

Tribe Cuscuteae
Tribe Dichondreae

Tribe Erycibeae

Tribe Humbertieae

Tribe Ipomoeae

Tribe Maripeae

Tribe Poraneae


Further reading


External links

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