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A cantonment (, , or ) is a type of . In , a cantonment refers to a permanent military station (a term from the ). In United States military parlance, a cantonment is, essentially, "a permanent residential section (i.e., barrack) of a fort or other military installation".

The word cantonment, derived from the French word , meaning corner or district, refers to a temporary military or winter encampment. For example, at the start of the Waterloo campaign in 1815, while the Duke of Wellington's headquarters were in Brussels, most of his Anglo–allied army of 93,000 soldiers were cantoned, or stationed, to the south of Brussels.Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition Waterloo Campaign

List of permanent cantonments
Afghanistan
The former Sherpur Cantonment in , Afghanistan, which was the site of the Siege of the Sherpur Cantonment (1879) in the Second Anglo-Afghan War (1878–1880), is now maintained as a British Army cemetery.

Bangladesh
In Bangladesh, cantonments are residential quarters for many military personnel as well as headquarters for different army units. A wide variety of military training is provided in Bangladesh cantonments:

India
Several cities in the Indian subcontinent, including , , , , , , , , , , Nilgiris, , , , , Ramgarh, , and , contained large cantonments of the former British Indian Army, with and Ramgarh being two of the most important cantonments in , second only to the headquarters at Rawalpindi (now in Pakistan). Meerut was established in 1803, and for 150 years was the largest cantonment in the region. Although cantonments in India were considered to be semi-permanent in the 18th and 19th centuries, by the turn of the 20th century, they had transitioned to being permanent garrisons. They were further entrenched as such, via the military reforms of Lord Kitchener in 1903, and the Cantonments Act of 1924.

At India's Independence in 1947, India had 56 cantonments. After this India added 6 cantonments the last being Ajmer Cantonment in 1962, taking the total number to 62. They covered an area of .

As of 2019, there were sixty-one "notified cantonments" in India, occupying an area of : twenty-five in Central Command, nineteen in Southern Command, thirteen in Western Command, four in Eastern Command, and one in Northern Command.

On 24 July 2024, a press release notified that, in order to move on from older Colonial-era concepts, Ministry of Defence has decided to give up responsibility to consider to excise civil areas of certain Cantonments and merge them with neighbouring State municipalities. As of then, there were 58 Cantonments of which 10 were to be handed over in the first phase. The administration of civil areas was to be handed over from Cantonment Boards to the neighbouring while the military region was to remain with the Armed Forces. However, on 27 April 2024, KhasYol had become the first cantonment board to be "de-notified".

On 2 September 2024, it was reported that paperwork are being completed to handover civilian areas of Cantonments from the Indian Army. The Cantonments include Dehradun, Deolali, Nasirabad, Babina, Ajmer, Ramgarh, Mathura, Shahjahanpur, Clement Town and Fatehgarh. The report sain, "Indian Army's Central Command, South Western Command and Southern Command are in the process of completing the hand over exercise in coordination with Uttarakhand, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Jharkhand and Uttar Pradesh governments."

Major cantonments and garrisons include the following:

Notified cantonments
  1. Central Command
    1. ,
    2. ,
    3. Ayodhya Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh
    4. Bareilly Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh
    5. , Uttarakhand
    6. , Uttarakhand (To be denotified)
    7. Danapur Cantonment,
    8. Dehradun Cantonment, Uttarakhand (To be denotified)
    9. Fatehgarh Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh (To be denotified)
    10. Gopalpur Cantonment,
    11. Jabalpur Cantonment,
    12. Kanpur Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh
    13. , Uttarakhand
    14. Lansdowne Cantonment, Uttarakhand
    15. Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh
    16. , Uttar Pradesh (To be denotified)
    17. Meerut Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh
    18. , Madhya Pradesh
    19. Nainital Cantonment, Uttarakhand
    20. Pachmarhi Cantonment, Madhya Pradesh
    21. , Uttar Pradesh
    22. Ramgarh Cantonment, (To be denotified)
    23. , Uttarakhand
    24. Roorkee Cantonment, Uttarakhand
    25. Shahajahanpur Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh (To be denotified)
    26. Varanasi Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh
  2. Southern Command
    1. Ahmedabad Cantonment,
    2. Ahmednagar Cantonment,
    3. Ajmer Cantonment, (To be denotified)
    4. Aurangabad Cantonment, Maharashtra
    5. Babina Cantonment, Jhansi, (To be denotified)
    6. Belgaum Cantonment,
    7. Bellary Cantonment, Karnataka (Inactive, De-notified)
    8. , Maharashtra
    9. , Maharashtra (To be denotified)
    10. Jhansi Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh
    11. Kamptee Cantonment, Maharashtra
    12. Kannur Cantonment,
    13. , Maharashtra
    14. , ,
    15. Nasirabad Cantonment, Rajasthan (To be denotified)
    16. , Maharashtra
    17. Sagar Cantonment, Madhya Pradesh
    18. Cantonment,
    19. St. Thomas Mount Cantonment, Chennai,
    20. Wellington Cantonment, Tamil Nadu
  3. Western Command
    1. Ambala Cantonment,
    2. Amritsar Cantonment, Punjab
    3. , ,
    4. , Himachal Pradesh
    5. Dalhousie Cantonment, Himachal Pradesh
    6. , Delhi
    7. Ferozepur Cantonment, Punjab
    8. Jalandhar Cantonment, Punjab
    9. , Jammu and Kashmir
    10. , Shimla, Himachal Pradesh
    11. Cantonment, Himachal Pradesh
    12. Subathu Cantonment, Shimla Hills, Himachal Pradesh
    13. KhasYol Cantonment, , Himachal Pradesh (de-notified on 2023)
  4. Eastern Command
    1. ,
    2. Dum Dum Cantonment, West Bengal (Inactive, De-notified)
    3. , , West Bengal
    4. , Darjeeling, West Bengal
    5. Cantonment,
  5. Northern Command
    1. , Jammu and Kashmir

Unlisted military cantonments
  1. Abohar Cantonment (Abohar, Punjab)
  2. Akhnoor Cantonment (Akhnoor, Jammu and Kashmir)
  3. Baddowal Cantonment (Ludhiana, Punjab)
  4. Bangalore Cantonment (Bangalore, Karnataka)
  5. Bikaner Cantonment (Bikaner, Rajasthan)

  1. Bharatpur Cantonment (Rajasthan)
  2. Bhatinda Cantonment (Bhatinda, Punjab)
  3. Binnaguri Cantonment (West Bengal)
  4. Bhuj Cantonment (Bhuj, Gujarat)
  5. Bhopal Cantonment (Madhya Pradesh)
  6. Bhubaneswar cantonment (Bhubaneswar, Odisha)
  7. Beas Military Station (Punjab)
  8. Chandimandir Cantonment (Chandigarh)
  9. Dipatoli Cantonment (Ranchi, Jharkhand)
  10. Faridkot Cantonment (Faridkot, Punjab)
  11. Fazilka Cantonment (Fazilka, Punjab)
  12. Gandhinagar Cantonment (Gandhinagar, Gujarat)
  13. Gopalpur Cantonment (Brahmapur, Orissa)
  14. Hisar Cantonment (Hisar, Haryana)
  15. Itarana Cantonment (Alwar, Rajasthan)
  16. Jaipur Cantonment (Jaipur, Rajasthan)
  17. Jaisalmer Cantonment (Jaisalmer, Rajasthan)
  18. Jodhpur Cantonment (Rajasthan)
  19. (Joshimath, Uttarakhand)
  20. Kapurthala Cantonment (Kapurthala, Punjab)
  21. Khasa Cantonment (Amritsar, Punjab)
  22. Kollam Cantonment (Kollam, India)
  23. Ludhiana Cantonment (Punjab)
  24. Mamun Cantonment (Pathankot, Punjab)
  25. Missamari Cantonment (Missamari, Assam)
  26. Nagrota Cantonment (Nagrota, Jammu & Kashmir)
  27. Narengi Cantonment (Guwahati, Assam)
  28. Pathankot Cantonment (Pathankot, Punjab)
  29. Patiala Cantonment (Punjab)
  30. (Pithoragarh , Uttarakhand)
  31. Shahjahanpur Cantonment (Shahjahanpur, Uttar Pradesh)
  32. Solmara Cantonment (Tezpur, Assam)
  33. Sri Ganganagar Cantonment (Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan)
  34. Suratgarh Cantonment (Suratgarh, Rajasthan)
  35. Thiruvananthapuram Cantonment (Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala)
  36. Tibri Cantonment (Gurdaspur, Punjab)
  37. Udhampur Cantonment (Udhampur, Jammu & Kashmir)
  38. Udaipur Cantonment (Rajasthan)
  39. Vadodra Cantonment (Vadodra, Gujarat)
  40. Varanasi Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
  41. Siliguri Cantonment(West Bengal)
  42. Shillong Cantonment(Meghalaya)

Ghana
  • Cantonments, Accra

Nigeria
Cantonments in Nigeria refer to permanent military installations which house active personnel and their families. Cantonments in Nigeria include:
  • Airforce Cantonment, , Lagos
  • Armed forces resettlement centre, , Lagos
  • Army Ordnance Cantonment, (also known as Abalti Barracks), Yaba, Lagos
  • Arn Cantonment, Yaba, Lagos
  • Badagry Cantonment, , Lagos
  • Dodan Cantonment, , Lagos
  • Ikeja Cantonment, Ikeja, Lagos
  • Marda Cantonment, Yaba, Lagos
  • Navy Town, Ojo, Lagos
  • Ojo Cantonment (also known as Palm Barracks), Ojo, Lagos,
  • Bonny Camp, Victoria Island
  • Jaji military cantonment, kaduna,
  • Dalet cantonment, kaduna,
  • Mogadishu cantonment,
  • Abiyssinia cantonment,
  • .Burma cantonment,
  • Adshanti cantonment,
  • Nigerian Defence Academy, Afaka, Kaduna

Pakistan

Singapore
In Singapore, the term is used to denote a police cantonment.

South Africa

Sri Lanka
  • Panagoda Cantonment

United States
The United States military commonly uses the term "cantonment" to describe the permanent facilities at U.S. Army training bases as opposed to the field training areas. Cantonment areas often include housing (such as barracks and maid-service quarters), dining facilities, training classrooms, exchanges, and paved air fields.

See also

External links

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