A recluse is a person who lives in voluntary seclusion and solitude. The word is from the Latin recludere, which means 'to open' or 'disclose'.
In the Russian Orthodox and Catholic Church tradition, a Poustinik is a temporary hermit who has been called to pray and fast alone in a cabin for at least 24 hours.
In ancient Chinese culture, are encouraged to be a public servant in a scrupulous and well-run government but expected to go into reclusion as a yinshi (隐士, 'gentleman-in-hiding') when the government is rife with corruption. Analects 8:13 《論語 · 泰伯》:天下有道則見,無道則隱。Show you talents through in a well-governed world; go into hiding in dark times . Others, like Dongfang Shuo, became hermits to practice Taoism, or in later centuries, Chan Buddhism.
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