The historical Gallery Roads (), also known as Cliff Roads or Plank Roads, were routes traversing remote mountainous regions of China. The roads were fashioned using wooden planks securely fastened within holes carved into cliff sides. Primarily found in the Qin Mountains, they connected the Wei River and the Han River valleys. The first gallery roads were built during the Warring States period (476–221 BC) and used by Qin to invade Shu and Ba. They were fully consolidated into a thriving network during the Han dynasty. Before the 20th century, very primitive versions were used in the western gorges of the Pamir Mountains.
Overview
Gallery Roads were notable engineering accomplishments in ancient Chinese history. This infrastructure was predominantly constructed to ease transportive strain across cliffs in rugged mountainous areas.
The
Shudao serves as a prime illustration, traversing some of China's most rugged and desolate terrains, including the
Qinling and
Daba Mountains ranges. Functioning as a crucial link between the Wei River valley and the ancient capital of Chang'an, this road employed the plank road technique to secure pathways across cliffs and steep
.
The construction of gallery roads was tailored to the specific topography of the surrounding terrain, resulting in unique structural implementations.
Modern reconstructions of gallery roads incorporate materials like steel and stone to improve durability. Additionally, specific sections feature glass components aimed at attracting tourists.
Historical Gallery Roads
Shudao
Shudao is the general name of the historic road that was constructed through the Qinling, Micang and Daba mountainous barrier. The main function of the Shudao is to connect the Wei River valley (today's
Guanzhong) with the ancient capital Chang’An (today's Xi’An) in the north with Shu region (headquartered in today's Chengdu) in the south.
The Shu Roads pass through some of the most rugged and desolate terrains in China. The first major highways were most likely built in the Warring States period (481–221 BCE). During the
Qin dynasty (221–206 BCE) and
Han dynasty (206 BCE – 220 CE) dynasties, this road network was massively improved upon. For the most part, the roads were built through natural corridors which had already been established as travel routes by their inhabitants. To build these important paths along the steep and dangerous cliff, the builders used the innovative road-building technique known as "Gallery Road" to fix the roads on the rock walls and cross the mountains, rivers and
Valley.
See also
