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Bolong (meaning "Bo's dragon") is a genus of dinosaur known from the Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation of western Liaoning Province, China. It lived about 125 million years ago in the earliest Aptian.
The holotype fossil, YHZ-001, consists of a nearly complete skeleton.
In 2013 a second specimen ( ZMNH-M8812) was described consisting of an almost complete skeleton of a very young animal. It was found by a farmer near the village of Xitaizhi in Inner Mongolia.
A second autapomorphy was identified based on the second specimen: the inside of the maxillary teeth are thickened and enclosed from the front and rear cutting edges and is divided in half by a striking vertical ledge.
The gait of Bolong is disputed. The forelimb was fairly short, and the wrist bones were not fused together, suggesting that the forelimb was not well-adapted to bearing much weight, though the proportions of the distal forelimb are reminiscent of quadrupeds. This suggests that Bolong was a facultative quadruped that spent much of its time walking bipedally, which is also suggested by the relative proportions of the thigh and shin. However, the hind foot was short and robust, more like fully quadrupedal dinosaurs than bipedal ones. Very young individuals had a proportionally longer forelimb, typical of the proportions of quadrupedal animals.
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