Astringent

 ( Drugs ) 

An astringent (sometimes called adstringent) is a chemical that shrinks or constricts . The word derives from the Latin ', which means "to bind fast". Astringency ', the dry, puckering or numbing mouthfeel caused by the

Maynard Joslyn (2012). 9780323146814, Elsevier. . ISBN 9780323146814

in unripe fruits, lets the fruit mature by deterring eating. Tannins, being a kind of polyphenol, bind salivary and make them precipitate and aggregate,Fennema, Food Chemistry'', 4th ed., p. 656. producing a rough, "sandpapery", or dry sensation in the mouth.

Smoking tobacco is also reported to have an astringent effect.

In a scientific study, astringency was still detectable by subjects who had local anesthesia applied to their taste nerves, but not when both these and the were disabled.

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Uses In medicine, astringents cause constriction or contraction of and exposed tissues and are often used internally to reduce discharge of blood serum and mucous secretions.

Michael Brodin (1998). 9780671013806, Simon and Schuster. . ISBN 9780671013806

This can happen with a sore throat, , diarrhea, and . Externally applied astringents, which cause mild coagulation of skin , dry, harden, and protect the skin.

Peter A. Ciullo (1996). 9780815518082, William Andrew. . ISBN 9780815518082

People with acne are often advised to use astringents if they have oily skin. Acne from http://www.brown.edu Mild astringents relieve such minor skin irritations as those resulting from superficial cuts; Allergy; insect bites; Hemorrhoid; and mycosis such as athlete's foot.

(1999). 9780397515196, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. . ISBN 9780397515196

Redness-reducing eye drops contain an astringent. Use of Goulard's Extract has been discontinued due to lead poisoning.

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Examples

Some common astringents are alum, acacia, sage, yarrow,

Maud Grieve (1971). 9780486227993, Dover Publications. . ISBN 9780486227993

witch hazel, bayberry, vinegar, very cold water, and rubbing alcohol. Astringent preparations include silver nitrate, potassium permanganate, zinc oxide, zinc sulfate, Burow's solution, tincture of benzoin, and such vegetable substances as Tannic acid and . are the red rose-like of the pomegranate, which are very bitter to the taste. In medicine, their dried form has been used as an astringent. History of Science: Cyclopædia, or, An universal dictionary of arts and sciences… Some metal salts and acids have also been used as astringents.

Calamine lotion, witch hazel, and Anemopsis, are astringents, Anemopsis californica from University of California, Irvine as are the powdered leaves of the Myrtus communis. Ripe fruits and fruit parts including blackthorn (sloe berries), Aronia chokeberry, chokecherry, bird cherry, rhubarb, quince, jabuticaba and persimmon fruits (especially when unripe), banana skins (or unripe bananas), cashew fruits and acorns are astringent.

(2014). 9781118865453, John Wiley & Sons. . ISBN 9781118865453

Citrus fruits, like lemons, are somewhat astringent. The tannins in some , coffee, and red grape like Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot produce mild astringency. Astringency is used in classifications of white wine.

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