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Trisquel (full name Trisquel GNU/Linux) is a computer , a Linux distribution, derived from another distribution, . The project aims for a fully system without proprietary software or and uses a version of Ubuntu's modified kernel, with the non-free code () removed. Trisquel relies on user donations, as a non-profit group. Its logo is a , a symbol. Trisquel is listed by the Free Software Foundation as a distribution that contains only free software.

Overview
Four basic versions are available.

Trisquel
The standard Trisquel 11 distribution includes the MATE desktop environment and graphical user interface (GUI), and , and 48 other localizations, 50 in total, on a 2.9 or 3.1 GB live DVD image. Other translations can be downloaded if an internet connection is present during installation.

It also has a file to download version 11 of it, as well as other versions.

Trisquel Mini
Trisquel Mini is an alternative to mainline Trisquel, designed to run well on and . It uses the low-resource environment and lightweight GTK+ and X Window System alternatives to and Qt- applications. The LXDE desktop only includes and /ref>

Triskel
Triskel is another alternative to mainline Trisquel using the /ref>

Trisquel Sugar TOAST
Sugar is a free and open source desktop environment designed with the goal of being used by children for interactive learning. Sugar replaces the standard MATE desktop environment available with Trisquel.

Trisquel NetInstall
NetInstall consists of a 25MB CD iso image with just the minimal amount of software to start the installation via a text based network installer and fetch the remaining packages over the Internet.

Internationalization
The full installation includes 51 languages (Albanian, , , Asturian, , Bulgarian, , , Simplified Chinese, Traditional Chinese, , , , , , , Estonian, , , Galician, , , , , Hungarian, Indonesian, , , Japanese, , , Lithuanian, , Norwegian Bokmål, , , , , Portuguese, Romanian, , , , , , , , , , Valencian and Vietnamese) pre-installed in a downloadable 1.2-gigabyte DVD image.

Source code
Source code for the full Trisquel 11 installation is also available in a downloadable of about 8.8 or 9.4-gigabyte tar file.

The source code can also be obtained with a torrent file.

History
The project began in 2004 with sponsorship of the University of Vigo for Galician language support in education software and was officially presented in April 2005 with , founder of the , as a special guest. According to project director Rubén Rodríguez, the support for Galician has created interest in South American and Mexican communities of emigrants from the Province of Ourense.

By December 2008, the Free Software Foundation (FSF) had added Trisquel to its list of FSF-endorsed GNU/Linux distributions.

Release history
2007-01-30 2.6.18.6 2.14 4.0 (Etch)
2008-07-242014-03-02Linux 2.6.24GNOME 2.22Ubuntu 8.04 LTS (Hardy Heron)
2009-09-082011-05-11 2.6.28GNOME 2.26Ubuntu 9.04 (Jaunty Jackalope)
2010-03-222011-07-14Linux-libre 2.6.31GNOME 2.28Ubuntu 9.10 (Karmic Koala)
2010-09-182015Linux-libre 2.6.32GNOME 2.30Ubuntu 10.04 LTS (Lucid Lynx)
2011-03-242012-09-15Linux-libre 2.6.35GNOME 2.32Ubuntu 10.10 (Maverick Meerkat)
2011-09-172014-03-02Linux-libre 2.6.38GNOME 2.32Ubuntu 11.04 (Natty Narwhal)
Brigantia2012-04-162014-03-02Linux-libre 3.0GNOME 3.2Ubuntu 11.10 (Oneiric Ocelot)
2013-03-092017Linux-libre 3.2GNOME 3.4Ubuntu 12.04 LTS (Precise Pangolin)
2014-11-032019Linux-libre 3.13GNOME 3.12Ubuntu 14.04 LTS (Trusty Tahr)
2018-04-182021Linux-libre 4.4MATE 1.12Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (Xenial Xerus)
Etiona2020-10-162023-04Linux-libre 4.15MATE 1.20Ubuntu 18.04 LTS (Bionic Beaver)
2022-02-012025-05Linux-libre 5.4MATE 1.24Ubuntu 20.04 LTS (Focal Fossa)
Aramo2023-03-192027Linux-libre 5.15MATE 1.26Ubuntu 22.04 LTS (Jammy Jellyfish)
2029-05Linux-libre 6.8xMATEUbuntu 24.04 LTS (Noble Numbat)
The releases that use 3.x use , rather than the default . Starting with version 6, Trisquel is based on the LTS Version of Ubuntu.

The current version includes this common software pre-installed:

Rebranded .* Never suggests non-free add-ons. No art or names. Privacy enhancing mods†
Rebranded Thunderbird. Never suggests non-free add-ons. No art or names.
End-to-end encrypted, multi-protocol incl. ,
for , Lightning Network
Also
News feeds & via RSS/RDF & Atom
Also desktop publishing
CDs, syncs w/ digital music players, etc
Plays , DVD, Blu-ray, etc. Also plays audio formats.
*Rebranded because the Mozilla Trademark Policy forbids modifications that include their trademark without consent.
†Such as never starting network connections on its own.

Also includes pre-installed software for operations, , document and photo input via scanner, games (such as solitaire, Minesweeper, chess, Mahjongg, and Sudoku), and for adding and removing more software (both Synaptic and a more simplified front-end called "Add/Remove Applications" offering a curated list of the most popular apps), etc. etc.

Prior editions:

  • Gnash, a viewer, instead of Adobe Flash Player, which is proprietary software.
  • Trisquel Pro was business-oriented and small. It was part of the Trisquel 2.0 LTS Robur (2008), but no other release followed.
  • Trisquel Edu was education-oriented, for schools and universities. Like Trisquel Pro, no other release followed Trisquel 2.0 Robur (2008).
  • Trisquel on Sugar was education-oriented, based on the Sugar desktop environment for interactive learning for children. It was released at the same time as Trisquel 7.
  • Trisquel Gamer was an independent edition maintained by David Zaragoza. It included 55 free software games and could boot from a live DVD or USB drive. It was released with Trisquel 3.5 (2010), which is no longer supported.

Reception
Jesse Smith of reviewed the 4.0 release, Taranis, and described it as refined and dependable. He portrayed difficulty with removing software as his main problem with the release. He complimented it as an operating system that showcased utility instead of mere compliance with free software criteria.

Jim Lynch of Desktop Linux Reviews reviewed the 5.5 release, Brigantia, and described it as "well-ordered and well developed" and recommended it to users whether they care about only using free software or not. Lynch stated that the release was suitable for beginners and advanced users.

Chris Fisher and Matt Hartley of The Linux Action Show! praised the design, ease of use, and hardware support of Trisquel 5.5 and Trisquel 5.5 Mini, but found that the kernel found in Trisquel impedes functionality of proprietary wireless devices. They argued that the distribution was targeting and that new users should use a different distribution.

Jesse Smith also reviewed Trisquel 7.0 in 2014, writing "Whenever I boot up Trisquel I find myself wondering whether the free software only distribution will be able to hold its own when it comes to hardware drivers, multimedia support and productivity software. The answer I came to when running Trisquel 7.0 is that, yes, the distribution appears to be nearly as capable as operating systems that do not stick to the FSF's definition of free software. Some people who use hardware that requires binary blobs or non-free drivers may face problems and Flash support isn't perfect when using the free Gnash player, but otherwise Trisquel appears to be every bit as functional as other mainstream Linux distributions. The software Trisquel ships with appears to be stable, functional and user friendly. The distribution is easy to install, I found it pleasant to use and I didn't encounter any problems. People who value or wish to promote free software should definitely try running Trisquel, it's an excellent example of what can be accomplished with free software."

Jack M. Germain of Tech News World said of the 9.0, release, Etiona: "Trisquel Linux is one of those computing staples you wished you knew about much sooner. This Linux distribution has been around literally for years and is extremely polished." and "Trisquel offers a family of Linux editions that meet or exceed the needs of home users, small enterprises, and educational centers. Trisquel can also be an ideal platform for multimedia workstations."

Smith then reviewed the 11.0 release, Aramo, in 2023, opining: "Trisquel is doing a great job presenting the world with what can be achieved by using free software only. However, using it also reminds me of the (sometimes harsh) limitations a free software only system imposes. ... This is, of course, the point of Trisquel, being a beacon of free-only software. People who download Trisquel probably are not interested in non-free components (software or hardware). This distribution offers a narrower path to walk, but it is a very smooth, pretty path."

Also reviewing Aramo, Jack Wallen of complained of glitches during installation and criticized the use of an older kernel and a "boring" user interface, but concluded: "if you want a rock-solid desktop distribution, and don't mind using UI that looks and feels like Windows from a bygone era, give Trisquel a try. If you want a reliable desktop with a more flexible (but still out-of-date) desktop, check out Triskel. Either way, they both offer Debian-like stability, with the additional option of a netinstall to land you with a server operating system that includes a similar reliability."

has mentioned that he is using Trisquel on a Thinkpad X200 with as of 2022, and has previously used the .

Hardware
IA-32 and x86-64 CPU architectures were supported since Trisquel 5.5, which includes free software compatible . However, IA-32 support was dropped with the release of Trisquel 10. Support for 32-bit ARM processors with a floating point unit () was added in the same release. 64-bit ARM and POWER support was added in Trisquel 11.0.

See also
  • Comparison of Linux distributions
  • List of Linux distributions based on Ubuntu

External links

: , , , , , ,
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