Sangatte (; ) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department on the northern coast of France on the English Channel.[ INSEE commune file] The name is of Flemish origin, meaning hole or gap in the sand.
Engineering
Sangatte is the location for the
Channel Tunnel's French cooling station, its British counterpart being at
Samphire Hoe. In addition, it is the French end-point for the HVDC Cross-Channel, the connection between the UK and French electricity grids.
History
First underwater telegraph
Sangatte was the landing point of the world's first operational underwater
telegraph cable, laid across the Channel by the Submarine Telegraph Company in 1851 between
South Foreland and Sangatte.
Pioneering cross-Channel flight
'Blériot-Plage' is named to commemorate Louis Blériot who, on 25 July 1909, was the first person to fly across the
English Channel. He flew from the beach at Sangatte to the White Cliffs of Dover, to claim the prize offered by the
Daily Mail. The crossing took 37 minutes in his aeroplane, Blériot XI, built in collaboration with Raymond Saulnier. It was powered by a 3-cylinder engine.
At the western end of the beach, a statue of the French aviator Hubert Latham overlooks the sea. Latham was another pioneering cross-channel pilot whose earlier attempt on 19 July had failed.[ Flight Magazine 30 March 1951 p.365: Portrait of a Pioneer by Colin Boyle]
Spitfire
Sangatte is also the landing location of Supermarine Spitfire Mark 1a N3200 of No. 19 Squadron RAF, which was forced to land at the beach after receiving damage to its radiator from shots fired by a Messerschmitt Bf 109 of JG 2
during Operation Dynamo on 26 May 1940, having shot down a Junkers Ju 87 shortly beforehand to protect the evacuating soldiers at
Dunkirk. The plane was recovered from the sand at Sangatte in 1986, and restoration work commenced in 2000, which continued until 2014 when works completed, the aircraft having been repaired to a fully airworthy state.
Refugee camp
Sangatte was the location of a
refugee camp set up by the French Red Cross in 1999 as a result of an influx of migrants attempting to travel to the United Kingdom. They were mainly from Afghanistan, Iraq and Kosovo.
Under pressure from the UK government,
Nicolas Sarkozy (then Minister of the Interior), ordered its closure in 2002.
[Le Monde, 7 mai 2007: http://www.lemonde.fr/web/article/0,1-0@2-823448,36-906438@51-823374@45-100,0.html] There were riots in 2001 and 2002, the year the camp closed.
Population
Politics
Mayor List
|
| Empty data needs to be completed |
| v. 1959 | | Jules Boulart | | |
| March 1971 | March 1983 | René Coucy | DVG | Doctor of medicine |
| March 1983 | March 2001 | René Lapôtre | RPR | General Councillor for Calais-Nord-Ouest (1992 → 1998) |
| March 2001 | September 2006 | André Segard | PS | Former Inspector of National Education
General Councillor for Calais-Nord-Ouest (2004 → 2006)
Passed away in service |
| September 2006 | On Going
(September 19th 2024) | Guy Allemand | SE | Former company manager and purchasing center manager
Vice-president of CA Grand Calais Terres et Mers
Reelected for 2014-2020 term,,
Reelected for 2020-2026 term,, |
Twin towns
-
Sandgate, Kent, England, UK.
In popular culture
In the
BBC Two show
Top Gear, the three presenters
Jeremy Clarkson,
Richard Hammond and
James May crossed the
English Channel in an amphibious Nissan Navara and instead of finishing at
Calais after leaving
Dover, they ended up along the coast in Sangatte.
Personalities
-
The airmen Hubert Latham and Louis Blériot.
-
Fabrice Bourré (born in 1962), French footballer, was born in Blériot-Plage.
See also
-
Chinese Labour Corps
-
Communes of the Pas-de-Calais département
External links
(In French language)
