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Placodus (from , "a plate" and , "tooth") is an extinct genus of belonging to the order , which swam in the shallow seas of the middle Triassic period (c. 240 million years ago). Fossils of Placodus have been found in Central Europe (Germany, France, Poland) and China.
Placodus and its relatives were not as well-adapted to aquatic life as some later reptile groups, like the closely related . Their flattened tails and short legs, which probably ended in webbed feet, would have been their main means of propulsion in the water.
The parietal eye on top of the head assisted the animal with orientation, rather than its vision, and its presence is regarded as a primitive characteristic.
The processes of Placodus dove-tailed into each other and were firmly connected, so that the trunk was rigid. The abdomen was covered with a special armor formed of the bent, right-angled abdominal . Equipped with dense bones, heavy gastralia, and a row of bony knobs above the backbone, Placodus was a heavily built and negatively buoyant creature that would have had no trouble staying on the seafloor to feed.
This body armour would have offered protection from predators as well, but would have also hampered mobility on land, making Placodus slow and clumsy out of water. It was therefore most likely a terrestrial animal that ventured into the sea in search of food. , , , and other inhabitants of the seabed would have formed its staple diet.
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