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Phlox (; "flame"; plural "phlox" or "phloxes", ) is a genus of 68 species of perennial plant and annual plant plants in the family Polemoniaceae. They are found mostly in North America (one in Siberia) in diverse habitats from alpine tundra to open woodland and prairie. Some flower in spring, others in summer and fall. Flowers may be pale blue, violet, pink, bright red, or white. Many are aroma compound.
Some species such as Phlox paniculata (garden phlox) grow upright, while others such as Phlox subulata (moss phlox, moss pink, mountain phlox) grow short and matlike. Paniculata or tall phlox, is a native American wildflower that is native from New York to Iowa south to Georgia, Mississippi and Arkansas. It blooms from July to September.
Creeping phlox spreads rapidly and makes great ground cover. "Growing Phlox", The Farmer's Almanac It can be planted to cover banks, fill spaces under tall trees, and spill and trail over slopes. Creeping phlox blooms in spring and produces long, spreading stems, which become woody with age. It was introduced into cultivation by the late 1700s. "Creeping Phlox", Thomas Jefferson Encyclopedia
The foliage of Phlox is a food for the of some Lepidoptera species including dot moth, Gazoryctra wielgusi, hummingbird hawk-moth and Schinia indiana (which feeds exclusively on P. pilosa). Phlox species are also a popular food source for , and deer.
Most cultivated phlox, with the notable exception of Phlox drummondii, are perennial. Species from alpine habitats (and cultivars derived from them) require full sun and good drainage. Those from woodland habitats (such as Phlox divaricata) require partial shade and soil rich in humus. Those from waterside habitats (such as P. paniculata) require full sun and moisture at the roots.Prof. Craigmyle, M., The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Perennials, Salamander Books Ltd, 2002, p222 Phlox are valued in the garden for their ability to attract butterflies. Phlox are propagated from stem cuttings, clump division, and seeds.
Cultivated plants are spaced to allow good air circulation, which helps reduce susceptibility to powdery mildew—a common problem among taller varieties. Regular watering during dry periods and the application of compost or mulch in spring help maintain soil moisture and suppress weeds. Removing spent flower clusters can encourage extended flowering.
Garden phlox benefits from periodic division every few years to maintain Plant health and prevent overcrowding. After the flowering season, stems can be cut back to near ground level. Common pests and diseases include Erysiphaceae, rust, Leaf spot, and stem nematodes, though resistant cultivars are widely available.
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