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Olearia, most commonly known as daisy-bush, is a genus of belonging to the family , the largest of the flowering plant families in the world. Olearia are found in Australia, and New Zealand. The genus includes plants, and small . The latter are unusual among the Asteraceae and are called tree daisies in New Zealand. All bear the familiar daisy-like flowerheads in white, pink, mauve or purple.


Description
Plants in the genus Olearia are shrubs of varying sizes, characterised by a composite flower head arrangement with single-row ray florets enclosed by small overlapping arranged in rows. The flower petals are more or less equal in length. The centre of the bi-sexual floret is disc shaped and may be white, yellowish or purplish, generally with 5 lobes. Flower heads may be single or clusters in leaf axils or at the apex of branchlets. Leaves may be smooth, glandular or with a sticky secretion. The leaves may grow opposite, alternate, arranged sparsely or clustered. Leaf margins either entire or lobed, with or without a stalk. The fruit are dry slightly compressed, one-seeded, narrow-elliptic or egg-shaped with longitudinal ridges and smooth or with sparse hairs.


Taxonomy and naming
The genus Olearia was first described in 1802 by in Supplementum ad Methodum Plantas and is named after Johann Gottfried Olearius, a 17th-century German scholar and author of Specimen Florae Hallensis. Originally a large genus, a molecular study has found it to be .


Distribution
There are approximately 180 species of Olearia, of which about 112 species are to Australia. Olearia are found in all states of Australia.


Species
The following is a list of Olearia species accepted by the Australian Plant Census or the New Zealand Plant Conservation Network or listed in the Census of Vascular Plants of Papua New Guinea as at May 2021:

  • Olearia adenocarpa Molloy ()
  • Olearia adenolasia (F.Muell.) F.Muell. ex Benth. – woolly-glandular daisy-bush (W.A.)
  • ( & Maiden) Lander (N.S.W., Vic.)
  • (Hook.f.) Hook.f. – tanguru (N.Z.)
  • N.A.Wakef. – alpine daisy-bush (N.S.W., A.C.T., Vic. Tas.)
  • Kirk – Great Barrier tree daisy (N.Z.)
  • F.Muell. ex Benth. – alpine daisy-bush (N.S.W., Vic.)
  • (Kirk) (N.Z.)
  • Olearia angustifolia Hook.f. – teteaweka (N.Z.)
  • Olearia arborescens (G.Forst.) & Laing – common tree daisy, glossy tree daisy (N.Z.)
  • Lander (Tas.)
  • Olearia arckaringensis P.J.Lang – Arckaringensis daisy (S.A.)
  • Olearia argophylla (Labill.) F.Muell. ex Benth. – musk daisy-bush, native musk, silver shrub (N.S.W., Vic.)
  • Benth. (W.A., N.T., Qld.)
    • Olearia arguta Benth. var. arguta (W.A., N.T.)
    • Olearia arguta var. lanata Benth. (W.A., N.T., Qld.)
  • E.Pritz. (W.A., S.A., N.T.)
  • Olearia asterotricha (F.Muell.) Benth. – rough daisy-bush (N.S.W., Vic.)
  • Olearia astroloba Lander & N.G.Walsh – marble daisy-bush (Vic.)
  • Olearia avicenniifolia (Raoul) Hook.f. (N.Z.)
  • Olearia axillaris (DC.) F.Muell. ex Benth. – coast daisy-bush (W.A., S.A., N.S.W., Vic., Tas.)
  • (F.Muell.) Hemsl. – mountain daisy (Lord Howe Island)
  • Olearia brachyphylla (F.Muell. ex Sond.) N.A.Wakef. (W.A., S.A.)
  • Olearia brevipedunculata N.G.Walsh (N.S.W., Vic.)
  • H.D.Wilson & Garn.-Jones (N.Z.)
  • Olearia burgessii Lander (N.S.W.)
  • F.Muell. ex Benth. – limestone daisy bush (W.A., S.A., Vic., N.S.W.)
  • Olearia canescens (Benth.) Hutch. (N.S.W., Qld.)
  • Olearia cassiniae (F.Muell.) F.Muell. ex Benth. (W.A.)
  • Olearia chathamica Kirk (N.Z.)
  • Olearia cheesmanii Cockayne & Allan – streamside tree daisy (N.Z.)
  • Olearia chrysophylla (DC.) Benth. (N.S.W., Qld.)
  • (Benth.) F.Muell. ex Benth. – fringed daisy-bush (W.A., S.A., Vic., Tas.)
  • Hook.f. – tupare, leatherwood (N.Z.)
  • Lander (N.S.W.)
  • Lander (N.S.W.)
  • Kirk (N.Z.)
  • E.K.Cameron & Heenan (N.Z.)
  • Olearia crosby-smithiana Petrie (N.Z.)
  • Olearia cuneifolia A.R.Bean & M.T.Mathieson (Qld.)
  • Olearia curticoma N.G.Walsh (Vic.)
  • Olearia cydoniifolia (DC.) Benth. (Qld., N.S.W.)
  • Olearia cymbifolia (Hook.f.) Cheeseman (N.Z.)
  • Olearia decurrens (DC.) Benth. – clammy daisy-bush (W.A., S.A., N.S.W., Vic.)
  • Olearia durifolia J.Kost. (P.N.G.)
  • Olearia elaeophila (A.Cunn. ex DC.) F.Muell. ex Benth. (W.A.)
  • Olearia elliptica DC. – sticky daisy-bush (Qld., N.S.W.)
  • Lander (W.A.)
  • Olearia ericoides () N.A.Wakef. (Tas.)
  • Olearia erubescens ( ex Spreng.) (S.A., N.S.W., A.C.T., Vic., Tas.) – pink-tip daisy-bush, moth daisy-bush
  • Olearia exiguifolia (F.Muell.) F.Muell. ex Benth. (W.A., S.A.)
  • (F.Muell.) Benth. (W.A., N.T., S.A., Qld.)
  • Olearia fimbriata Heads (N.Z.)
  • J.Kost. (P.N.G.)
  • Olearia flocktoniae Maiden & Betche – Dorrigo daisy-bush (N.S.W.)
  • Olearia floribunda (Hook.f.) Benth. – heath daisy-bush (N.S.W., Vic., S.A.)
  • Olearia fluvialis Lander (W.A.)
  • Olearia fragrantissima Petrie (N.Z.)
  • (F.Muell.) J.H.Willis – Bogong daisy-bush (Vic.)
  • Olearia furfuracea (A.Rich.) Hook.f. – akepiro (N.Z.)
  • Heads (N.Z.)
  • Olearia glandulosa (Labill.) Benth. – swamp daisy-bush (S.A., Qld., N.S.W., A.C.T., Vic., Tas.)
  • Olearia glutinosa (Lindl.) Benth. – sticky daisy-bush (S.A., Vic. Tas.)
  • Lander (Qld.)
  • Olearia grandiflora Hook. – Mount Lofty daisy-bush (S.A.)
  • (F.Muell.) Benth. (Qld., N.S.W.)
  • Hook.f. (N.Z.)
  • Olearia heterocarpa S.T.Blake – Nightcap daisy bush (Qld., N.S.W.)
  • Olearia heterolepis Mattf. (P.N.G.)
  • Olearia heterotricha Mattf. (P.N.G.)
  • Olearia homolepis (F.Muell.) Benth. (W.A.)
  • Olearia hooglandii J.Kost. (P.N.G.)
  • (Sond.) Benth. (Tas.)
  • Lander (W.A.)
  • Olearia hygrophila (DC.) Benth. (Qld.)
  • Olearia ilicifolia Hook.f. – mountain holly (N.Z.)
  • Olearia imbricata (Turcz.) Benth. – imbricate daisy bush (W.A.)
  • (D.A.Cooke) Lander (W.A., S.A., Vic., N.S.W.)
  • Olearia incondita Lander (W.A.)
  • Olearia iodochroa (F.Muell.) Benth. – violet daisy-bush (N.S.W., Vic.)
  • F.Muell. (P.N.G.)
  • Olearia laciniifolia Lander (W.A.)
  • Buchanan – lancewood tree daisy (N.Z.)
  • J.Kost (P.N.G.)
  • Olearia lanuginosa (J.H.Willis) N.A.Wakef. – woolly daisy bush (W.A., S.A., Vic.)
  • Olearia lasiophylla Lander (N.S.W.)
  • Olearia laxiflora Kirk (N.Z.)
  • Olearia ledifolia (DC.) Benth. – rock daisy bush (Tas.)
  • Olearia lehmanniana (Steetz) Lander (W.A.)
  • Olearia lepidophylla (Pers.) Benth. – club-moss daisy-bush (W.A., S.A., N.S.W., Vic., Tas.)
  • Mattf. (P.N.G.)
  • Olearia leptocephala J.Kost (P.N.G.)
  • (Kirk) Cockayne (N.Z.)
  • (Sims) Hutch. – snowy daisy-bush (N.S.W., A.C.T., Vic., Tas.)
  • Hook.f. – subantarctic tree daisy (N.Z.)
  • Olearia macdonnellensis D.A.Cooke (N.T.)
  • Olearia magniflora (F.Muell.) Benth. – splendid daisy-bush (W.A.,, S.A., N.S.W., Vic.)
  • Olearia megalophylla (F.Muell.) F.Muell. ex Benth. – large-leaf daisy-bush (N.S.W., A.C.T., Vic.)
  • Olearia microdisca J.M.Black (S.A.)
  • Olearia microphylla (Vent.) Maiden & Betche – small-leaf daisy-bush (Qld., N.S.W., A.C.T.)
  • (Benth.) Lander (N.S.W., Vic., S.A., W.A.)
  • Lander (N.S.W.)
  • Olearia monticola F.M.Bailey (P.N.G.)
  • (F.Muell.) Hemsl. (L.H.I)
  • Hook.f. (N.Z.)
  • Olearia mucronata Lander (W.A.)
  • (Sond.) Benth. – Goldfields daisy, Mueller's daisy bush (W.A., S.A., Vic., N.S.W.)
  • (Steetz) Benth. – rough-leaved daisy bush (W.A.)
  • Olearia myrsinoides (Labill.) F.Muell. ex Benth. – blush daisy-bush, silky daisy-bush (N.S.W., A.C.T., Vic., Tas.)
  • (F.Muell.) F.Muell. ex Benth. (Qld., N.S.W.)
  • Lander (W.A.)
  • Olearia nummulariifolia (Hook.f.) Hook.f. (N.Z.)
  • Olearia obcordata (Hook.f.) Benth. (Tas.)
  • Olearia occidentissima Lander (W.A.)
  • Petrie – scented tree daisy (N.Z.)
  • Olearia oliganthema F.Muell. ex Benth. (N.S.W.)
  • (G.Forst.) Hook.f. (N.Z.)
  • Olearia oppositifolia (F.Muell.) Lander (Qld., N.S.W.)
  • Olearia orientalis A.R.Bean & Jobson (Qld.)
  • Olearia pachycephala J.Kost (P.N.G.)
  • Olearia pachyphylla Cheeseman (N.Z.)
  • J.Kost (P.N.G.)
  • Olearia paniculata (J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.) Druce (N.Z.) – akiraho
  • Hook. – velvet daisy-bush (S.A., Vic.)
  • Olearia passerinoides (Turcz.) Benth. (W.A., S.A., N.S.W., Vic.)
  • Olearia paucidentata (Steetz.) F.Muell. ex Benth. (W.A.)
  • Olearia persoonioides (DC.) Benth. (Tas.)
  • Olearia phlogopappa (Labill.) DC. – dusty daisy-bush, alpine daisy-bush (N.S.W., A.C.T., Vic., Tas.)
  • Olearia picridifolia (F.Muell.) Benth. (W.A., S.A., Vic.)
  • Olearia pimeleoides (DC.) Benth. – pimelea daisy-bush (W.A., S.A., Qld., N.S.W., Vic.)
  • Olearia pinifolia (Hook.f.) Benth. (Tas.)
  • Olearia platyphylla Mattf. (P.N.G.)
  • Olearia plucheacea Lander (W.A.)
  • H.D.Wilson & Garn.-Jones (N.Z.)
  • Olearia quercifolia Sieber ex DC. – oak-leaved daisy-bush (N.S.W.)
  • Olearia quinquevulnera Heenan (N.Z.)
  • Domin (Qld.)
  • Olearia ramosissima (DC.) Benth. (W.A., Qld., N.S.W.)
  • (Labill.) Benth. – twiggy daisy-bush (S.A., Qld., N.S.W., A.C.T., Vic., Tas.)
  • (A.Cunn.) Druce – heketara (N.Z.)
  • Benth. (W.A.)
  • Olearia rosmarinifolia (DC.) Benth. (Qld., N.S.W.)
  • (Benth.) F.Muell. ex Benth. (S.A., N.S.W., Vic.)
  • J.Kost (P.N.G.)
  • (F.Muell. ex W.Archer bis) Hutch. – wrinkled daisy-bush (N.S.W., Vic., Tas.)
  • (Hook.f.) Hook.f. – coastal tree daisy (N.Z.)
  • Hutch. (Vic.)
  • Olearia spectabilis J.Kost (P.N.G.)
  • Olearia stellulata (Labill.) DC. (Vic., Tas.)
  • Olearia stenophylla N.G.Walsh (N.S.W.)
  • Olearia stilwelliae (N.S.W.)
  • (Steetz) Benth. – bristly daisy bush (W.A.)
  • (F.Muell.) Benth. (W.A., N.T., S.A., Qld.)
  • Olearia subspicata (Hook.) Benth. (W.A., N.T., S.A., Qld., N.S.W., Vic.)
  • Olearia suffruticosa D.A.Cooke – clustered daisy-bush (S.A., N.S.W., Vic.)
  • Olearia tasmanica W.M.Curtis (Tas.)
  • Olearia telmatica Heenan & de Lange – shell akeake, swamp akeake (N.Z.)
  • Olearia tenuifolia (DC.) Benth. – thin-leaf daisy-bush (N.S.W., A.C.T., Vic.)
  • Olearia teretifolia (Sond.) Benth. – cypress daisy-bush (S.A., Vic.)
  • Olearia tomentosa (J.C.Wendl.) Benth. – toothed daisy-bush (N.S.W., Vic.)
  • Cheeseman – Coromandel tree daisy (N.Z.)
  • Olearia traversiorum (F.Muell.) Hook.f. – hakapiri, Chatham Island akeake (N.Z.)
  • Olearia trifurcata Lander (W.A.)
  • Olearia tubuliflora (Sond. & F.Muell. ex Sond.) Benth. (S.A., Vic.)
  • J.Kost (P.N.G.)
  • Olearia vernonioides C.T.White & Francis (P.N.G.)
  • (Hook.f.) Hook.f. (N.Z.)
  • Olearia viscidula (F.Muell.) Benth. – viscid daisy-bush (N.S.W.)
  • (Labill.) Benth. – sticky daisy-bush (Vic., Tas.)
  • Olearia xerophila (F.Muell.) Benth. (W.A., Qld.)


Use in horticulture
Several species are cultivated as ornamental garden plants, and there are hybrids of uncertain or mixed parentage. Among these, the following have been given the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit:-
  • Olearia macrodonta, New Zealand holly
  • Olearia × mollis 'Zennorensis', daisy bush 'Zennorensis'
  • Olearia × scilloniensis
  • Olearia × scilloniensis 'Master Michael'

They are generally hardy down to , but require a sheltered spot in full sun.

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