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Lipetsk (, ), also romanized as Lipeck, is a city and the administrative center of Lipetsk Oblast, Russia, located on the banks of the Voronezh River in the Don drainage basin, southeast of Moscow. Population:
The foundation of the modern city dates back to 1703,Charter of Lipetsk, Article 1 when Peter the Great ordered construction of a cast iron factory in Lipetsk near the iron ore deposits for making artillery shells. On September 27, 1779, Lipetsk was granted town status. It became one of the principal towns of Tambov Governorate.
In 1879, Lipetsk hosted a congress of members of Land and Liberty.
After the Treaty of Rapallo (1922) until 1933, the much-reduced German Army ( Reichswehr) of the Weimar Republic secretly contracted with Soviet authorities to operate a clandestine military aviation base and test facility near Lipetsk – circumventing prohibitions of the Versailles Treaty. The base enabled technical collaboration by the two powers whose separate defeats in World War I left them isolated in post-war Europe. This activity inside the USSR took place away from the vigilant eyes of the victors.Wolf Oschlies: Symbiose der Geächteten. Preußische Allgemeine Zeitung, Nr. 38, 19. September 2009, p. 10 The Abwehr, The SS and German Army Group Centre penetrated part of this Lindenstadt Region in 1941–2.
The former steel combine was privatized in 1992 and Novolipetsk Steel ( NLMK) with approximately 48,000 employees and a 64% export ratio (2005) is one of the largest employers in the oblast. In 2008, the company's revenue was $11.7 billion. Other industry are another metallurgical plant "Svobodny Sokol" ("Free Falcon"), a tractor factory LTZ, solvent-extraction plant Liboil (largest rapeseed oil producer in Central Federal District and the second in Russia), pipe factory, a factory for refrigerators and household appliances, an ice factory, lathe factory, chemical factories, etc. Industry is mainly located south of the Voronezh River.
The Lipetsk Air Center's chief, colonel Kharchevsky, has become famous after trial air combats in the United States and being a personal pilot of President Vladimir Putin.
The city is also served by the smaller Lipetsk Airport.
On 24 February 2024, Ukraine claimed that its drones set fire to the Novolipetsk steel plant in Lipetsk. No casualties were reported however the facility was evacuated.
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