Product Code Database
Flmodafinil (developmental code names CRL-40,940, NLS-4, JBG01-41), also known as bisfluoromodafinil and lauflumide, is a wakefulness-promoting agent related to modafinil which has been developed for treatment of a variety of different medical conditions. These include chronic fatigue syndrome, idiopathic hypersomnia, narcolepsy, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and Alzheimer's disease. Aside its development as a potential pharmaceutical drug, flmodafinil is sold online and used non-medically as a nootropic (cognitive enhancer).
The drug has been found to act as a selective atypical dopamine reuptake inhibitor. It produces wakefulness-promoting effects in animals. Unlike modafinil, flmodafinil does not induce cytochrome P450 . Chemically, flmodafinil is an enantiopure drug derivative of modafinil and is also known as bisfluoromodafinil (it is the ( R)- bis(4-fluorine) phenyl ring-substituted derivative of modafinil).
Flmodafinil was developed by NLS Pharma. As of January 2024, it is in preclinical development for treatment of chronic fatigue syndrome. No recent development has been reported for idiopathic hypersomnia and development has been discontinued for narcolepsy, ADHD, and Alzheimer's disease.
The affinities for the DAT of flmodafinil's and modafinil have also been studied. The affinities (Ki) were 5,480nM for armodafinil (( R)-modafinil), 2,970nM for ( S)-(+)-flmodafinil (JBG1-048), and 4,830nM for ( R)-(–)-flmodafinil (JBG1-049). Their affinities for the SERT and σ1 receptor have also been reported. Similarly to modafinil, ( S)-(+)-flmodafinil and ( R)-(–)-flmodafinil increase dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens in animals. They have been found to increase dopamine levels by up to 150 to 200% of baseline at the highest assessed dose. These increases are much smaller than those elicited by amphetamine or cocaine.
In a study comparing the wake-promoting effects of flmodafinil and modafinil, flmodafinil was found to maintain wakefulness over a significantly longer timeframe than modafinil. While the administration of neither compound resulted in sleep rebound, flmodafinil perturbed sleep architecture to a lesser degree than modafinil. This difference was characterised by an attenuated EEG power density within slow frequencies (<4Hz) following flmodafinil treatment, though both compounds increased power density relative to placebo.
In contrast to modafinil, flmodafinil is not an enzyme inducer of the cytochrome P450 CYP3A4 or CYP3A5 .
Analogues of flmodafinil include modafinil, armodafinil (( R)-modafinil), esmodafinil (( S)-modafinil), adrafinil (CRL-40,028; N-hydroxymodafinil), fladrafinil (CRL-40,941; bisfluoroadrafinil), and CE-123, among others.
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