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A dudou (; also known by other names) is a that covers the front of the torso, originally worn as an with medicinal properties. With the opening of , it is sometimes encountered in and as a sleeveless shirt and backless .


Name
In , referred to a kind of or hood.. By the time of the development of the dudou, it had taken on extended senses of encasing or enwrapping something as in a hood, scarf, or loose parcel. Dùdōu may thus be understood as Chinese for "belly wrap" or "cover",. referring to its early use to the and, within traditional Chinese medicine, to preserve qi. Using the same characters, it is also known as a doudu. or doudou.. The latter form is and is particularly used for the dudous worn by Chinese children..

Its various Chinese names are typically left untranslated in English.. In Chinese sources, the dudou is sometimes as a "bellyband",. which more commonly refers to a variety of other devices including a horse's . and a compression garment used by expectant mothers.. The oddity arises from the similarity of the dudou's purpose (though not construction or appearance) with the Japanese haramaki. In the 19th century, it was translated or glossed as a Chinese "" or "". The dudou is also sometimes translated or glossed as an "". or "bib". owing to its similar appearance.


History
The dudou's original development is sometimes credited to , the curvy consort of Emperor Xuanzong of the still remembered as one of 's ,. at that time, dudou was called hezi (), but the importance of the as the origin of the body's and qi in traditional Chinese medicine. has meant that variations of the undershirt are found as early as the 's -like xièyī The dudou proper was popularized under the dynasty beginning in the mid-1300s. around the time of the Black Death. Versions of it were worn by female babies in medieval China until age three. Male babies also wore dudou. The medicinal aspect of the dudou was underscored by its common incorporation of small pockets to hold snatches of , , or other herbs intended to boost the stomach's qi.. Its red form is also held to ward off evil spirits in Chinese folk religions.

The dudou inspired similar fashions elsewhere in , including the Vietnamese yem and the Japanese haragake. Within China, it has remained a traditional item of ,. Mandarin Factory particularly in .. Generally, however, the dudou fell out of favor towards the end of the Qing as part of the drive to modernize the country, displaced by European-style and .. After a decade of public debate, the use of dudous for flattening breasts was formally outlawed, beginning in in 1927.. This change in fashion has sometimes been linked to the rise in occurring around the same time. Dudous first became an object of in the year 2000, when variations of the Chinese design appeared in the spring collections of , Versus,. and .. It has since become a mainstay of some Chinese-influenced .. This development inspired some Chinese women, including , to begin wearing the dudou as an article of ,.. although many older Chinese remain (sometimes sternly) disapproving of this development...


Design
The typical design of a dudou consists of a single rectangular, , diamond-shaped piece of fabric which covers the and , tied to the and with attached strings. It is thus a form of . Richer women use , or while the poor make do with .

Popular colors are red, pink, and green and they are often embroidered with flowers, , or . Formerly popular designs included bats ( with "happiness" in Chinese), ("longevity"), (whose many seeds caused it to represent fertility), and virtuous expressions.

Under the Ming and Qing, dudous were solely items of and were used to , similar to a gentle . Wealthier families used , , or chains instead of silk thread. The first dudous were simple rectangles, but by the Qing they had been turned to form a diamond shape, exposing more of the shoulders.

Some variants have a collar which is lowered around the head. -influenced dudous may be made of other , including or transparent cloth.


See also
  • and , its Western undershirt equivalents
  • , an Indian bodice-like upper garment that evolved from the 6th century BC stanapatta or chest band.
  • , its Western outerwear equivalent
  • Haramaki, its Japanese medicinal equivalent
  • History of bras
  • Yếm, its Vietnamese equivalent


Explanatory notes

External links

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