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Balatro is a -themed roguelike deck-building game developed by solo developer LocalThunk, and published by Playstack. It was released for Microsoft Windows, , PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, , and Xbox Series X/S on February 20, 2024, with a port to on March 1. Ports for Android and were released on September 26, 2024. In the game, the player must score a certain number of points by playing from a starting 52-card deck, with a limited number of hands and discards each round.

The game was developed over a two-and-a-half year period by sole developer LocalThunk, inspired by the card game and the roguelike video game Luck Be a Landlord. Initially, LocalThunk had only treated Balatro as a side project to put on a résumé, not anticipating the success of the game.

Balatro has received universal acclaim from game critics, selling more than 5 million copies by January 2025. Along with several other awards and nominations, Balatro was named Game of the Year at the 25th Game Developers Choice Awards and nominated for the top prize at The Game Awards 2024, the 28th Annual D.I.C.E. Awards, and the 21st British Academy Games Awards.

Gameplay
Playthrough
Balatro is a singleplayer roguelike deck-building game based on the rules of . The player chooses a , each with unique effects and cards, before each playthrough or "run". A run is divided into antes, each with three blinds of increasing difficulty. During a "round" against a blind, the player must use their limited number of hands and discards to play poker hands, and attempt to score the required number of chips (points). To defeat blinds more easily, the player may purchase various cards which change the rules of the game or provide an advantage. These items are bought in a shop in between rounds with an internal in-game currency.

Blinds
Blinds, the obstacles the player must defeat in Balatro, have three major types: Small Blind, Big Blind, and Boss Blind. Small and Big Blinds can either be skipped or played. When skipping a blind, the player forgoes the cash rewards of defeating the blind and an opportunity to use the shop but is rewarded with a tag, granting special rewards. Most tags give some benefit upon entering the next shop, such as free cards or , but some effects are instant or apply when other criteria are met. Each type of Boss Blind has a special ability, such as disabling certain cards or limiting the player's hands or discards. Ante 8 — as well as all antes that are a multiple of 8 — have a "Finisher Blind" in place of a Boss Blind, which selects from one of five special types which do not appear in any other circumstance.

Antes and rounds
Each ante consists of three rounds, one against a Small Blind, one against a Big Blind, and the final round against a Boss Blind, which allows the player to progress to the next ante. In each round, the player has a limited number of hands within which they must beat a target score, as well as a limited number of discards with which they may replace up to five cards in their hand with different ones. The game ends if the player runs out of hands or cards to play before reaching the target score.

During a round, the player draws playing cards from their deck, initially starting with a standard 52-card deck, while cards can be added, modified, and destroyed throughout the run. The player then selects up to five cards, with the objective of forming poker hands to score points. The hand's base value is calculated and turned into "", which are then multiplied by "Mult", which increases depending on cards, hands, and jokers held by the player. Joker cards affect the game in various ways, such as offering additional Chips or Mult when conditions are met or changing how certain poker hands can be played.

Upon defeating a Blind, the player is awarded with in-game cash ($), and presented with a shop. Here, the player may use their cash to purchase items, such as booster packs, Jokers, and a which grants perks and conditions for the remainder of the run. It is possible to play until ante 39 in endless mode at which point the amount of required chips, stored under double-precision floating-point format, overflows to infinity, which get stored as under such number format. Because all numbers (including NaN) will always be compared as (a relation separate from less than, equal to, or greater) against NaN, the player score cannot be equal to or greater than NaN, causing further progression to be impossible.

End of a run
The player wins a run by completing ante 8 — defeating the first Finisher Blind — though the player can continue playing in endless mode. Running out of hands or cards without hitting the score required during a round ends the run. If the player has not completed ante 8 when the game ends, the player has lost. In endless mode, these conditions still cause the game to end, though the player still won by completing ante 8.

Cards
Jokers, special cards which the player holds separately from their deck, are the primary means by which players can alter their scoring in the game, among other effects. The game was released with 150 Joker cards. Many Jokers provide Chips or Mult bonuses based on certain conditions, and some provide Mult multipliers, multiplying the player's Mult. Jokers have a wide range of abilities including rewarding money, creating or duplicating cards, or modifying the player's amount of hands and discards. Jokers often require certain conditions to be met for their abilities to be triggered, or used to their full potential. Jokers can be found with or upgraded to have variants like Foil, , Polychrome, which affect the player's Chips or Mult, as well as the Negative modifier which grants an additional slot for Joker storage, effectively making the Joker occupy no space. Part of the strategy of Balatro is filling one's limited Joker slots with Jokers that have interactions with each other and other cards to greatly increase scoring opportunities.

Players can modify their deck of playing cards through various means, which can be used to improve the odds of drawing specific hands, or improve the score output of certain cards. Additional playing cards can be obtained through booster packs at the shop. Existing cards can also be modified, destroyed or copied using Tarot cards and Spectral cards. Utilizing these, it is therefore possible to play non-traditional poker hands such as Five of a Kind, Flush House (full house of all the same suit), and Flush Five (five of the same suit and rank).

from the cartomantic deck provide various one-time effects, such as changing cards to different playing card suits, enhancing them to provide bonuses when played, or destroying cards. Spectral cards behave similarly, though provide stronger effects, such as creating copies of a card, applying upgrade variants to Jokers and playing cards, or modifying the player's cash in exchange for a negative or positive effect. Planet cards raise the level of a poker hand, increasing their base Chips and Mult values when played. Each planet card applies to a different hand depending on its type, and upgrades that hand for the duration of the run.

Decks
The deck of playing cards that the player chooses at the beginning of a run also has its own effects; the player starts out with a "starter" series of decks, and completes runs to unlock new ones. Completing runs also unlocks "stakes" for the deck used, which add more difficult conditions to the run. New special cards and vouchers can be unlocked for future runs by meeting certain conditions.

Development
Balatro was developed by LocalThunk, an anonymous solo developer based in , Canada. In an interview, he said that he mostly plays online competitive games, and that he ponders roguelike games more than actually playing them. Despite the game's theme, LocalThunk said he does not play poker, nor does he want the game to be used for by casinos and players.

Development began in 2021, two-and-a-half years before release, initially intended to be one of several small games that were shared with friends. The initial idea was an online version of the Cantonese card game , which has players playing a number of cards to create poker-like hands. After seeing the number of roguelike deckbuilders on Steam, and watching a Twitch stream of playing Luck Be a Landlord, a -themed , he was inspired to turn his Big Two clone into a singleplayer roguelike deckbuilder without online play. According to LocalThunk, he avoided playing deckbuilders to avoid taking ideas from these games, and had only played Slay the Spire near the end of development to understand how it implemented its control scheme. He at one point considered the name Joker Poker for the game, before settling on Balatro, an term for a professional jester or buffoon.

On using the standard 52 playing card deck as a base LocalThunk said, "it’s this shared cultural game design tool that has evolved over hundreds of years", and on the game's success was quoted as being partly "because you're borrowing from this really tried-and-true tool."

The soundtrack for Balatro was written and produced by LouisF, a freelance artist. The composer was contacted in March 2023, and the music was released the same month. In his published timeline of the game's production, LocalThunk noted that it was the only money that he planned to spend during the development of Balatro.

A very early version of the game was circulated among his friends, who gave positive reviews after months of playing. About a year prior to release, LocalThunk quit his day job to focus on finishing Balatro "to put on a résumé". He signed a publishing contract with PlayStack, and with their help developed a launch campaign around beta releases and promotion via major video game streamers. LocalThunk used player feedback from the betas for additional features in the final version of the game, including the addition of boss battles.

Balatro was programmed in Lua with the Löve game framework. LocalThunk's pseudonym derives from the "local" used to define variables and "Thunk", a common variable name in his partner's projects.

Etymology
The game is named after the word for "professional jester or buffoon", which is pronounced . Developer LocalThunk said that its pronunciation can be "whatever makes people happy," though he personally pronounces it , as does the narrator in the game's launch trailer. Many players and YouTubers pronounce the title with an accent on the second .

Release
In 2023, prior to release, the game became available as a demo. It was removed by LocalThunk on January 1, 2024, and was brought back on January 25, with the new version containing 40 new Jokers, new bosses, and booster packs. The new version was uploaded alongside a new trailer and a release date for the full version of the game, February 20, 2024. In April 2024, the game was made easier with an experimental balance patch, 1.0.1c.

Shortly after the game's release, Balatros rating was changed from 3+ to 18+ for "prominent gambling imagery" due to PEGI's strict rules on portraying gambling, causing the game to be temporarily removed from sale in certain territories. Publisher Playstack stated that they had discussed the game's content with PEGI prior to release (causing its initial 18+ rating to be lowered to 3+) and that, while being based on poker, the game does not portray any form of gambling, and intended to appeal the re-rating. LocalThunk criticised the rating change saying, "Maybe I should add microtransactions//real gambling to lower that rating to 3+ like EA Sports FC". The rating was successfully appealed in February 2025, and along with Luck be a Landlord, Balatro was reclassified with a 12+ rating, recognizing that the fantasy elements of the game distinguished it from gambling. PEGI has stated they will introduce more granular classification rules for future games involving gambling-like elements. After changed its policies in March 2025, many Balatro videos were marked as 18+ for "depictions or promotions of online casino sites or apps," blocking these videos from child YouTube accounts.

LocalThunk and Playstack confirmed plans for ports to Android and mobile devices in March 2024. The ports were released on September 26, 2024, including a Balatro+ version for . The ports grossed $1 million in a week and $4.4 million in 2 months. Various pieces of official merchandise have also released, including a physical deck of playing cards using Balatro pixel art graphics, produced by , as well as various t-shirts with mascot Jimbo and various other cards.

LocalThunk had planned to release a major update to Balatro during 2025, but by September 2025, opted to push that to 2026, stating their the desire to continue to keep the game's development as their hobby and avoid crunch.

Collaborations
Four free "Friends of Jimbo" updates, adding interchangeable cosmetic packs featuring crossovers with other video games, were released on August 27, October 24, December 12, 2024, and February 24, 2025, respectively. The first update features crossovers with The Witcher 3, Vampire Survivors, Dave the Diver and , the second update features crossovers with Cyberpunk 2077, The Binding of Isaac, Slay the Spire and , the third update features crossovers with , , , Enter the Gungeon, Cult of the Lamb, Don't Starve, 1000xResist and , and the fourth update features crossovers with , , Sid Meier's Civilization VII, Rust, Assassin's Creed, Slay the Princess, Dead by Daylight and Fallout.

Additionally, Balatro-themed content has been added to numerous other games through official collaborations. Balatro content was added to Dave the Diver via a free update released on October 24, 2024. A large update to Cyberpunk 2077 released on December 10, 2024, added a Balatro-themed quest. A wearable hat based on Jimbo's jester cap was added via a free update to Little Kitty, Big City on February 25, 2025. Dying Light 2 added quests to unlock several Balatro-themed items for free, including a Jimbo costume on June 26, 2025. Indie idle farming game Rusty’s Retirement released a Balatro-themed update on August 7, 2025, adding several Balatro-themed structures and several jokers that can inhabit your farm.

Reception
Balatro has received "universal acclaim" according to review aggregator website . , another aggregator, said that 100% of critics recommend the game.

The game's playability has received praise from critics. Simon Cardy from described it as "ludicrously fun" and "remarkably approachable," while Jordan Helm from called it "addictive" and "expertly-crafted". Writing for , Keza MacDonald stated that " Balatro might be the best card game you will ever come across".

In addition, the game's roguelike elements have received positive reviews. Abbie Stone from described gameplay as "strategizing your way to success," and Alessandro Barbosa from called each run "surprisingly fresh." Chris Allnutt writing in praised the "wonderfully retro -style visuals, and irreverent sound effects."

, the creator of , called it "possibly the most addictive thing ever created" and that once it was released for mobile devices, "humankind's activity is going to drop about 25%"; Balatro was subsequently briefly shown in the "" episode of Black Mirror seventh season, released in April 2025. Film director called Balatro a "great game", and spent much of the downtime during production of Superman playing the game.

With the success of Balatro, LocalThunk kept to a low profile, not wanting much attention on their real-world identity and avoiding the stress that would come with it. They have also used the attention drawn to Balatro to highlight other indie titles released near the same time, including naming , Dungeons & Degenerate Gamblers, Arco, , , and Mouthwashing for their "Golden Thunk Awards". While LocalThunk and his partner had been present at the Game Awards, he told no one else who they were, and opted to allow representatives from PlayStack to accept the awards Balatro won on his behalf. A similar arrangement was made for the Game Developers Choice Awards, with PlayStack representatives accepting the awards for Balatro while LocalThunk remained anonymous at the event. For the 21st British Academy Games Awards, LocalThunk was able to send actor Ben Starr, previously having played Jimbo the joker for live-action videos for the game, to accept his award.

Following its popularity, the game has inspired significant activity from the player community, including , the integration of other games within it, and an unofficial port to the developed in January 2025, called Wee Balatro, which is awaiting the author's approval.

Sales
Within eight hours of release, the game had made over in gross revenue according to publisher Playstack. Over one million copies were sold within the first month. By January 2025, the game had surpassed 5 million copies, with around half of those coming after the mobile releases in September 2024, and does not account for those who downloaded the game via their subscriptions.

Accolades
Balatro received nominations for multiple accolades. In 2024 it won Golden Joystick Awards' "Best Indie Game" and "Breakthrough" awards. At The Game Awards 2024, it won "Best Independent Game", "Best Debut Indie Game", and "Best Mobile Game"; it was also nominated for "Game of the Year", the first time a solo game project was nominated for the top honor. It also received awards from the Academy of Interactive Arts & Sciences for "Outstanding Achievement for an Independent Game", "Strategy/Simulation Game of the Year", and "Mobile Game of the Year" at the 28th Annual D.I.C.E. Awards.

2024Golden Joystick AwardsUltimate Game of the Year
Best Indie Game
Best Audio Design
PC Game of the Year
Breakthrough (Critic's Choice)
The Game Awards 2024Game of the Year
Best Game Direction
Best Independent Game
Best Debut Indie Game
Best Mobile Game
The Steam AwardsGame of the Year
Most Innovative Gameplay
Best Game on Steam Deck
2025New York Game AwardsBig Apple Award for Best Game of the Year
Off Broadway Award for Best Indie Game
28th Annual D.I.C.E. AwardsGame of the Year
Outstanding Achievement for an Independent Game
Outstanding Achievement in Game Design
Mobile Game of the Year
Strategy/Simulation Game of the Year
Independent Games FestivalSeumas McNally Grand Prize
Excellence in Design
Game Developers Choice AwardsGame of the Year
Best Audio
Best Debut
Best Design
Innovation Award
Best Visual Art
NAVGTR Awards 2024Gameplay Design, New IP
Game, Puzzle
21st British Academy Games AwardsBest Game
Debut Game
Game Design
New Intellectual Property
Develop:Star AwardsPublishing Star (Playstack)
GEMA Indie 2024
Best Strategy Game
Best Mobile Game
Apple Design AwardsDelight and Fun

Notes
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