Anoectochilus, commonly known as marbled jewel orchids
Description
Orchids in the genus
Anoectochilus are terrestrial,
Perennial plant,
deciduous,
sympodial herbs with a creeping, above-ground rhizome with wiry roots that look woolly. The leaves are arranged in a rosette and are relatively broad and thin. They are dark green or brownish purple and have a contrasting network of silvery or reddish veins. The flowers are relatively large, hairy,
,
Resupination and arranged in a short spike. The
sepal and
overlap to form a hood over the column with the sepals spreading apart from each other. The labellum is relatively large with two sections - an upper "epichile" and lower "hypochile" separated by a narrow section. The hypochile has a cylinder-shaped spur containing two large glands and is joined to the epichile with a "claw" that has spreading teeth or a long fringe. The fruit is a hairy capsule containing a large number of winged seeds.
Taxonomy and naming
The genus
Anoectochilus was first formally described in 1825 by Carl Ludwig Blume and
Anoectochilus setaceus was the first species he described, hence it is the type species.
The genus name is derived from the
Ancient Greek words
anoiktos (ἀνοικτός) meaning "opened" and
cheilos (χεῖλος) meaning "lip".
[Backer, C.A. (1936). Verklarend woordenboek der wetenschappelijke namen van de in Nederland en Nederlandsch-Indië in het wild groeiende en in tuinen en parken gekweekte varens en hoogere planten (Edition Nicoline van der Sijs).]
Distribution
Orchids in this genus range from the
Himalayas to south
China,
Southeast Asia,
Australia,
New Guinea,
Melanesia and
Hawaii,
[ Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families] found in moist areas with deep shade.
List of species
The following is a list of species recognised by the
World Checklist of Selected Plant Families as at May 2018:
-
Anoectochilus albolineatus (1874) : white lines anoectochilus (Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam)
-
Anoectochilus albomarginatus (1855)
-
Anoectochilus annamenis (2007) (Vietnam)
[ "New plant and animal species found in Vietnam" CNN. September 27, 2007.]
-
Anoectochilus baotingensis (2003) (China, Hainan)
-
Anoectochilus brevilabris (1840) : short-lipped Anoectochilus
-
Anoectochilus brevistylus (1907)
-
Anoectochilus burmannicus (1922)
-
Anoectochilus calcareus (1996 publ. 1997).
-
Anoectochilus dewildeorum (Sumatra)
-
Anoectochilus dulongensis (Sumatra)
-
Anoectochilus elatus (1857).
-
Anoectochilus emeiensis (1982)
-
Anoectochilus falconis (2005) (Malaysia)
-
Anoectochilus flavescens (1825).
-
Anoectochilus formosanus (1914). (poj=Tâi-ôan kim-sòaⁿ-liân))
-
Anoectochilus geniculatus (1896) (Thailand, Malaysia, Sumatra)
-
Anoectochilus hainanensis (2008).
-
Anoectochilus imitans (1906).
-
Anoectochilus insignis (1911).
-
Anoectochilus integrilabris (1935).
-
Anoectochilus kinabaluensis (1994).
-
Anoectochilus klabatensis (2002).
-
Anoectochilus koshunensis (1914).
-
Anoectochilus longicalcaratus (1922).
-
Anoectochilus longilobus (2014).
-
Anoectochilus lylei (1925).
-
Anoectochilus malipoensis (2010).
-
Anoectochilus monicae (2004).
-
Anoectochilus nandanensis (2015).
-
Anoectochilus narasimhanii (2003).
-
Anoectochilus nicobaricus (1978 publ. 1979).
-
Anoectochilus papillosus (2007).
-
Anoectochilus papuanus (1984 publ. 1985).
-
Anoectochilus pectinatus (1907).
-
Anoectochilus pingbianensis (1996).
-
Anoectochilus regalis (1858).
-
Anoectochilus reinwardtii (1858).
-
Anoectochilus rhombilabius (2002).
-
Anoectochilus roxburghii (1839).
-
Anoectochilus sandvicensis (1840)
-
Anoectochilus setaceus (1825) : bristly anoectochilus (type species)
-
Anoectochilus subregularis (1996).
-
Anoectochilus sumatranus (2001).
-
Anoectochilus xingrenensis (2002).
-
Anoectochilus yatesiae (1907) (Queensland)
-
Anoectochilus zhejiangensis (1989).
External links
