Superessive case

 ( Grammatical Cases ) 

In grammar, the superessive case (abbreviated ) is a grammatical case indicating location on top of, or on the surface of something. Its name comes from Latin supersum, superesse: to be over and above. While most languages communicate this concept through the use of , there are some, such as Hungarian, which make use of cases for this grammatical structure.

An example in Hungarian: a könyvek en means " on the books", literally "the books-on".

In Finnish language, superessive is a case in the adverbial cases category, that are productive only with a limited set of stems. The superessive is marked with the -alla/-ällä ending. For example:

• kaikkialla means "everywhere" ( "everything-at")

• täällä means "(at) here" (from tämä - "this", "at this place")

• muualla means "(at) somewhere else" (from muu - "other", "other-at")

In Lezgian language, the superessive case is marked with suffixes: sew-re-l 'on the bear'. p. 74. Haspelmath, Martin. 1993. A Grammar of Lezgian. Walter de Gruyter.