Styrofoam is a brand of closed-cell extruded polystyrene foam (XPS), manufactured to provide continuous building insulation board used in walls, roofs, and foundations as thermal insulation and as a water barrier. This material is light blue in color and is owned and manufactured by DuPont. DuPont also has produced a line of green and white foam shapes for use in crafts and floral arrangements.
The term styrofoam has become a genericized trademark; it is often used in the United States as a colloquial term to refer to expanded (not extruded) polystyrene (EPS). Outside the United States, EPS is most commonly referred to as simply "polystyrene" with the term "styrofoam" being used in its capacity to describe all forms of extruded polystyrene, not just the Dupont brand itself. Polystyrene (EPS) is often used in food containers, coffee cups, and as cushioning material in packaging. Styrofoam is, however, a far less dense material than EPS and is more commonly suited to tasks such as thermal insulation.
Additionally, it is moderately soluble in many organic solvents, super glue, and the propellants and solvents of spray paint.
DuPont produces Styrofoam building materials, including varieties of building insulation sheathing and pipe insulation. The claimed R-value of Styrofoam insulation is approximately 5 °F⋅ft2⋅h/BTU for 1 inch thick sheet.
Styrofoam can be used under roads and other structures to prevent soil disturbances due to freezing and thawing.
DuPont also produces Styrofoam blocks and other shapes for use by and in craft products. DuPont insulation Styrofoam has a distinctive blue color; Styrofoam for craft applications is available in white and green.
See also the expansive list of environmental issues of polystyrene, among which it being non-biodegradable.
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