Sphingosine

 ( Biomolecules ) 

Sphingosine (2-amino-4-trans-octadecene-1,3-diol) is an 18-carbon amino alcohol with an unsaturated hydrocarbon chain, which forms a primary part of , a class of cell membrane that include sphingomyelin, an important phospholipid.

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Functions Sphingosine can be phosphorylation in vivo via two kinases, sphingosine kinase type 1 and sphingosine kinase type 2. This leads to the formation of sphingosine-1-phosphate, a potent lipid signaling.

Sphingolipid metabolites, such as , sphingosine and sphingosine-1-phosphate, are lipid signaling molecules involved in diverse cellular processes.

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Biosynthesis Sphingosine is synthesized from palmitoyl CoA and serine in a condensation required to yield sphinganine (dihydrosphingosine).

Dehydrosphingosine is then reduced by NADPH to sphinganine, acylated to dihydroceramide, and finally oxidized by FAD to ceramide. Sphingosine is then solely formed via degradation of sphingolipid in the lysosome.

== Gallery ==

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See also

• Dimethylsphingosine
• Fingolimod

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Literature

• article

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External links

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