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Amakan, also known as sawali in the northern Philippines, is a type of traditional split- mats used as , , or wall cladding in the . They are woven into various intricate traditional patterns, often resulting in repeating diagonal, zigzag, or diamond-like shapes. The term "sawali" is more properly defined as weaving patterns. The term can also be applied to baskets and (soft woven mats made from , straw, , or sedges), which also use the same weaving patterns. Amakan panels are commonly confused with pawid (nipa panels), which are made from leaves.

Amakan are used as walls in the traditional ( bahay kubo) of the Philippines. They are lightweight and porous, allowing air circulation to keep buildings cool in the hot tropical climate. The porosity also balances pressure inside the house during strong winds, minimizing roof damage. Amakan needs to be treated before installation. They are soaked in seawater, dried, and then usually (but not always) varnished. They are usually affixed to a wooden framework, then battened with bamboo or .

Amakan is associated with lower income rural housing because it is inexpensive and easy to replace. It is not uncommon for amakan to also be used as a design element (usually as cladding or paneling) in modern Filipino architecture to portray a rustic, traditional and tropical aesthetic. It also ecologically sustainable because it is made with bamboo.


Similar traditions

Pawid
A simpler method of making panels from leaves is called pawid, which is simply . It predominantly uses leaves, and is the origin of the name of the . But it can also use other materials like leaves, leaves, and even grass. They are made by simply folding the leaves once around a split bamboo stick and then sewing them together near the base. They are most commonly used as roofing, with the panels layered over each other so the water runs down the leaves and away from the inner roof. They are constantly replaced as the panels get damaged.
(1991). 9789715060400, Santo Tomas University Press.


Sulirap
A similar weaving tradition is called sulirap, surilap, or salirap among ;
(1987). 9780941533829, New Amsterdam Books.
and sulirap, selirap, or sayrap among the , , and people. It uses an entire leaf split lengthwise along the midrib (). Then both halves are positioned with the leaflets in between them. The leaflets are then intricately woven into various patterns and designs to join the two split parts together. This results in a lengthwise woven panel with the split midrib providing the upper and lower border. It is used similarly as amakan and sawali: as cheap walls, roofs, awnings, or temporary shade. This method, modified slightly, can also be used to make traditional baskets.
(2025). 9789718992135, University of the Philippines.


Gallery
File:Stilt house at Kalibo, Aklan, Philippines.jpg|A rural house in with plain amakan walls File:FIlipino amakan house.jpg|A rural house in with amakan sidings woven into diamond patterns File:Susing's Guitar gift shop.jpg|A gift shop in with amakan walls File:Sangat Resort in Busuanga.jpg|A modern resort guesthouse in , with plain diagonally-woven sawali walls File:Traditional house with amakan walls (9278032260).jpg|A with amakan walls in File:Apolinario Mabini House 8.jpg|Sawali interior paneling in the Mabini Shrine, a traditional Filipino house ( ) File:Amakan open-type weaving style used as grilles in Bukidnon, Philippines.jpg|Amakan open-type weaving style used as grilles File:Lucio Quezons house at Baler, Aurora.jpg|Preserved traditional house of President Manuel L. Quezon's parents in Baler, Aurora. It uses pawid (nipa thatch) as both roofing and walls. File:Pawid panels (nipa palm leaf thatching) from the Philippines 04.jpg|Thatched leaf panels ( pawid)


See also


External links
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