Rudite

 ( Sedimentary Rocks ) 

Rudite is a general name used for a sedimentary rock composed of rounded or angular Detritus grains, i.e. granules, , cobbles, and , which are coarser than sand in size. Rudites include sedimentary rocks composed of both siliciclastic, i.e. conglomerate and breccia, and Carbonate rock grains, i.e. calcirudite and rudstone. This term is equivalent to the Greek-derived term, psephite. Rudite was initially proposed by GrabauGrabau, A.W. (1904) On the classification of sedimentary rocks. American Geologist. vol. 33, pp. 228-247. as "rudyte". It is derived from the Latin word rudus for "crushed stone", "rubbish", "debris", and "rubble".U.S. Bureau of Mines Staff (1996) Dictionary of Mining, Mineral, & Related Terms. Report SP-96-1, U.S. Department of Interior, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Washington, D.C.Neuendorf, K.K.E., J.P. Mehl, Jr., and J.A. Jackson, J.A., eds. (2005) Glossary of Geology (5th ed.). Alexandria, Virginia, American Geological Institute. 779 pp.

Rudites can be deposited in a variety of nonmarine and marine environments. In nonmarine settings, gravels, which later were lithified to become rudites, accumulated within fluvial channels, within alluvial fans, and as glacial deposits. In marine environments, rudites were deposited along as part of , as basal conglomerates during marine transgressions, and in the deep sea by slumps and . Rudites composed largely of rounded siliciclastic gravel are conglomerates and others composed of angular siliciclastic gravel are breccias.

Pettijohn Pettijohn F. J. (1975), Sedimentary Rocks, Harper & Row, gives the following descriptive terms based on grain size, avoiding the use of terms such as clay or argillite which carry an implication of chemical composition. The Greek terms are more commonly used for metamorphosed rocks, and the Latin for unmetamorphosed: