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Paranja , paranji, or faranji (from ; , фаранҷӣ, italic=no; ; ) is a traditional Central Asian robe for women and girls that covers the head and body. It is also known as "burqa" in Arabic. It is similar in basic style and function to other regional styles such as the Afghan chadari. The part that covered the face, known as the chachvan (; ) or chashmband (, чашмбанд, italic=no), was heavy in weight and made from horsehair. It was especially prevalent among urban Uzbeks and Tajiks,http://www.karakalpak. com/jegde.html but was not commonly worn by people in the mountainous regions of Tajikistan. It was also worn during the Shaybanids' rule (1510–1600).
In the 1800s, Tajik and Uzbek Muslim women were required to wear paranja when outside their home. Paranji and chachvon were by 1917 common among urban Uzbek women of the southern river basins. This was less frequently worn in the rural areas, and scarcely at all on the nomadic steppe.
One historical account of the paranja is from Lord Curzon, who travelled to Bukhara in 1886. During his time there he never saw a woman between the ages of 10 and 50, for they were all concealed. The heavy black horsehair veils were "too bad and coarse for a seive", the women walking in loosely wrapped blue gowns with the empty sleeves pinned could have been "mistaken for clothes wandering about", and big leather boots covered their feet. (2026). 9782503513263, Ancient History Documentary Research Centre, Macquarie University. . ISBN 9782503513263 archived PDF Curzon noted that "Ladies of rank and good character never venture to show themselves in any public place or bazaar." He condemned this as a kind of tyranny, an exaggerated and erroneous notion of morality found everywhere in the East, but nowhere so striking as in Bukhara. archived (2026). 9782503513263, Ancient History Documentary Research Centre, Macquarie University. . ISBN 9782503513263
In the beginning of the Soviet Union under Lenin's leadership, following Russia's October Revolution which brought about state atheism, Soviet officials accepted the covered women since Muslims were seen as allies with early communists of Russia against the old regime and the Russian Orthodox Church. Later under Stalin, however, Soviets sought to Anti-mask law the veil and the paranja. (2026). 9781857431377, Taylor & Francis. ISBN 9781857431377
The unveiling by the Soviets was called the hujum in the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic (SSR). As the Soviet Communists secured their control of Central Asia, chachvans and paranjas were banned.
The paranjas were burned on orders of the Communists, who upheld the doctrine of Marxist-Leninist atheism. (1999). 9784795574175, National Institute for Research Advancement. ISBN 9784795574175 In the 1920s, the government "brought gangs of militant young atheists to Central Asia who physically women, often tearing the veil from their faces in the streets of Tashkent, Samarkand, and other cities."
However, some veil-wearing Muslim women responded by killing the women who were sent to take their veils off. Some Uzbeks violently opposed the anti-paranja, anti-child marriage and anti-polygamy campaign which was started by the Soviet Union.
. be/8QjZIRFi2n4 They are seldom worn now in Central Asia while most devout Muslim women prefer hijab or headscarf.
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