The marsh frog ( Pelophylax ridibundus) is a species of Pelophylax native to Europe and parts of western Asia.
Description
The marsh frog is the largest type of frog in most of its range, with males growing to a size around 100 mm (3.9 in) SVL and females slightly larger (4 in) SVL.
There is a large variation in colour and pattern, ranging from dark green to brown or grey, sometimes with some lighter green lines; a lighter line on the back is generally present. The frog will usually be darker coloured in early spring to absorb heat more efficiently.
Tadpoles can reach up to 190 mm (7.3 in) in length,
Distribution and habitat
They occur in a large part of Europe starting from western
France and spreading out into the
Middle East and about a quarter into
Russia.
There are also isolated populations in
Saudi Arabia and the Russian Far East, along with some introduced populations in the
United Kingdom and other places.
These frogs are very lenient in their habitats, and are able to inhabit a majority of different types of water bodies.
Diet
Adult marsh frogs have a large head that is able to devour a wide variety of prey, mostly arthropods and other invertebrates, as well as small fish, other amphibians (including conspecifics), reptiles, small birds, and rodents.
In an analysis of 53 adults in
Thrace,
Fly made up 40% and
beetles 20% of their diet.
These frogs have been found to climb onto
water buffalo so they could eat the flies attracted to it, hinting at a possible mutualistic relationship.
As tadpoles, they eat a wide range of organic matter including algae, detritus, decaying plants, invertebrates, and dead animals.
Hybridogenesis
There are known three hybridogenetic hybrids of the marsh frog:
-
edible frog Pelophylax kl. esculentus (usually genotype RL):
pool frog P. lessonae (LL) × P. ridibundus (RR)
-
Graf's hybrid frog Pelophylax kl. grafi (PR):
Perez's frog P. perezi (PP) × P. ridibundus (RR) or
Perez's frog P. perezi (PP) × edible frog P. kl. esculentus (RE)
(it is unclear which one crossing was the primary hybridization)
-
Italian edible frog Pelophylax kl. hispanicus (RB):
Italian pool frog P. bergeri (BB) × P. ridibundus (RR)
Their populations are maintained however through other crossings by hybridogenesis.
In places where they were introduced, marsh frogs may pose a threat to the native
Pelophylax by diluting the gene pool, but there is evidence that although they may hybridize they do not affect the overall population that greatly.
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