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Lophine is the organic compound with the formula . It is a derivative of imidazole wherein all three carbon atoms have as . A white solid, this compound gave the first example of chemiluminescence when its basic solutions were exposed to air. Its chemiluminescence continues to attract attention.
Lophine and its dihydro analogue amarine ( meso-2,4,5-triphenyl-2-imidazoline) were discovered early in the history of organic chemistry (between 1841 and 1847), before the development of a structural theory of organic chemistry by Kekulé and Couper in the 1850s. Lophine is prepared by condensation of benzaldehyde, benzil, and ammonia.
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