Local class field theory, the study of abelian extensions of local fields
Local field, a special type of field that is a locally compact topological field with respect to a non-discrete topology
Local Fields (book), an algebraic number theory textbook by Jean-Pierre Serre
Local martingale, a type of stochastic process, satisfying the localized version of the martingale property
Local property, a property which occurs on sufficiently small or arbitrarily small neighborhoods of points
Local ring, the branch of commutative algebra that studies local rings and their modules
Local symbol (disambiguation), uses in various subfields of mathematics
Local zeta-function, a function whose logarithmic derivative is a generating function for the number of solutions of a set of equations defined over a finite field
Local-global principle, the idea that one can find an integer solution to an equation using the Chinese remainder theorem