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Jangladesh, also known as Jangaldesh or Janglu, was a historical region in what is now northern . It included the present-day districts of , , Ganganagar, Hanumangarh, and parts of . It was bounded on the south by and , and on the east by .

(2025). 9788188629510, Originals. .
(1974). 9780836404579, Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers. .
(2025). 9788129108906, Rupa & Company. .

The term Jangladesh means "rough and dry country", and it is first mentioned in the , although it does not mention an exact location. Later texts, such as Bhava Prakasha and Shabdakalpadruma Kosha, suggested that the land was a hot, arid region, where trees grow with little water.


History
The core territory of the Chahamanas of Shakambhari (551-1192 CE) was in this region, and it was known as both Sapadalaksha and Jangala-desha.For a theorized map of the Chahamana territory:
(1978). 9780226742212, University of Chicago Press. .

Between the 10th and 12th centuries, the political landscape had changed. Much of the northern and western regions were ruled by the . Around , there were many settlements of and . The remaining regions were controlled by , who were ruled by their own chiefs and largely governed by their own customs.

(2025). 9788129108906, Rupa & Company. .
(2025). 9788188629510, Originals. .

In the 15th century, , emboldened by the prophecies of , successfully led a coalition of , , and Jats, and captured the region. As a result, most Jat had to accept the of the . Bika also saved the Jats from the predations of the , acting as their buffer.

(2025). 9781107080317, Cambridge University Press. .


List of States
The following states were ruling in Jangladesh:
1.Ludi1188 AD- 17th centuryPuniaRaja Kanha Punia
(2025). 9788188629688, Low Price Publications. .
Churu
2.Raisalana or Bhadra?- 17th centuryBeniwalRaja Raisal BeniwalChuru
3.Bhurupal11th century- ?JohiyaRaja Sher Singh JohiyaBikaner
4.Kot Pallu9th- 16th centurySihagRana Chokha Singh SihagHanumangarh and Sirsa
5.Bhadang1263 AD- 17th centurySaharanRao Pula SaranChuru
6.Shekhsar or Laghadia1179 AD- 16th cen.GodaraRao Rana Pandu GodaraBikaner
7.Sidhmukh1068 AD- 17th cen.KaswanRao Kanwarpal KaswanChuru
8.Dhansia12th- 17th cen.SahuRao Amruji SahuHanumangarh
9.Riri11th- 16th cen.JakharRao Jaswantsimha JakharBikaner
10.Kanjan1268 AD- 15th cen.ChaharRaja Maldeo ChaharChuru
11.Bhanipura1185 AD- 16th cen.Bhadu, KhodRaja Bhur Singh BhaduGanganagar


Sidhmukh State
The Sidhmukh State (1068 - 17th century) was established by the Hindu Jat adventurer Rao Kasupal Kaswan of . In 1068 AD, Kasupal attacked the Mohil principality of with 5000 soldiers, and then marched on , establishing his rule after defeating Ranjit Singh . Thus, he established Kaswan Jat rule over Sidhmukh and its environs. Kasupal then moved towards and killed 7 Chauhan chiefs, capturing their territories.

was founded by Chaudhary Chuhar Kaswan, who was of Kalera under the Sidhmukh state.

(2023). 9783382500344, BoD – Books on Demand. .


Bhadang State
The Bhadang State (1263 - 17th century) was founded by Hindu Jats of the Saran (or Saharan) clan. Their original headquarters was Saranpur (Barbadiabas) and Bhadang (modern ), which was initially under the Sahu clan. The Sahus gave Bali of Pitha Saran when he laid the foundation of Bhadang fort. A war broke out between the two clans. The Saran army was led by Rao Mangalsi and Rao Khedji, who overran Bhadra, occupied it, and forced the Sahus out of the territory. Thus, the Sarans secured control over 360 villages.

The personal enmity of the Saran chief Rao Pula and the Godara chief Rao Pandu of Ladhania culminated in a full fledged war. Rao Pula Saran led his army and occupied and burned Ladhania. The Godara chief then invited the help of . At the Battle of Takka, the Sarans were defeated and Saran lands were occupied, however the Sarans were not totally subjugated. Their last independent chief was Rao Bharat Saran of Laxminarayansar (Rajasar Bikan), who was born in the year 1550 and had control over 140 villages.

During Bharat Saran's time, the fame of the ruler, Raj Singh, was rising, and he was in the court of . The Bidawat Rathores wanted to conquer Saranoti (Saran territory) and were led by Rai Singh, the cousin of Raj Singh. Raj Singh ultimately died fighting Bharat Saran near . His son, , devised a plan to execute Bharta through Gopaldas Sangwat, an old friend of Bharta. Bharta was survived by only one son who, at the time of the downfall of the Sarans, was at his maternal grandfathers village of Bikamsara. The name of Laxminarayansar was thus changed to Rajasar Bikan and Saranoti was finally annexed in the year 1614.


Shekhsar State
The Shekhsar State, also known as Laghadia State, was founded by Jats of the Godara clan. Rao Devraji is known for laying the foundation for the Godara principality at Devrajsar. They consolidated their territory after securing a victory over the Bhadu Jats. They were the rulers of and adjacent territory until arrived. They accepted the of Bika and his descendants, and so their 700 villages were incorporated into the growing . The descendants of Rao Pandu Godara were given the right to put a on the forehead at the coronation of the new king.


Ludi State
The Ludi State was founded by Rao Barhdev, a Jat chief who conquered and 360 other villages. He developed Jhansal as his capital and was succeeded by his eldest son, Rao Punam. The descendants of Punam shifted the capital to Ludi (present-day Rajgarh).

The 12 sons of Rao Barhdev gave their names to the 12 chief branches of the clan. Two branches which are not found in the Bagar country are Rauria (from Rarah in Bharatpur district, found mostly in Atrauli tehsil of district, Bijauli is there recognised centre and Rao Durjan Singh was there most famous chief) and Pawania. Tod places 6 under them on the eve of reign.


See also
  • List of Jats
  • List of Jat dynasties and states
  • History of Rajasthan

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