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A guard dog or watchdog is a dog used to watch for and guard people or property against unwanted human or animal intruders. A dog trained to attack intruders is known as an attack dog.
One of the first dog types used as guardians were Mastiff-type of livestock guardian dogs, which protected livestock against large predators such as wolves, Brown bear and . In Greek mythology, Orthrus is an example of a livestock guardian dog known for guarding Geryon's red cattle. In more urban areas, some ancient guard dogs, such as the extinct , were chained during the day and released at night to protect properties, camps and villages.
Livestock guardian dogs are often large enough——and strong enough to attack and drive away livestock . Guard dogs bark to alert their master and to warn of approaching animal or human threats prior to their interception of the trespasser.
Specifically, livestock guardian dogs such as the Kangal use loud alarm barks as a first line of defense against presumed threats; if these do not deter a perceived foe, other displays, such as bluffing and charging, are employed. For livestock guardians, proactive forms of defense such as biting are only used if all other forms of deterrence fail.
If the risk is from human intruders, a suitable dog can be trained to be aggressive towards unrecognized humans and then tethered or enclosed in an area that the owner wishes to protect when he is not around (such as at night).
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