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The gnomefishes form a small family, Scombropidae, consisting of three extant taxon species of marine ray-finned fish in the genus Scombrops. They have two and are notable for scales covering the soft parts of the dorsal and . The eyes are large. The gnomefish, S. boops, lives in deep rocky areas, down to 400 m. It can grow to 150 cm total length and 16 kg weight.
S. gilberti occurs in the western Pacific including Japan. The Atlantic scombrops, S. oculatus, is widely found in the subtropical western Atlantic, particularly the Florida and Bahamas area. It is a deepwater fish, caught by anglers between 200 and 610 m.
The Scombropidae have been put forward as the sister taxon to the Pempheridae by some authorities.
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