Benzoyl-CoA is the thioester derived from benzoic acid and coenzyme A. The term benzoyl-CoA also include diverse conjugates of coenzyme A and aromatic carboxylic acids. Benzoate, vanillin, anthranilic acid, 4-ethylphenol, p-cresol, phenol, aniline, terephthalic acid, [3-hydroxybenzoic acid, and phenylalanine are all metabolized to benzoyl-CoA. Additionally,
cinnamic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, toluene, caffeic acid, benzyl alcohol, and mandelic acid are suspected to be processed similarly.[
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As substrate for reductases
Benzoyl-CoA is a substrate for diverse reductases:
As a benzoyl donor
Benzoyl-CoA is a benzoyl transfer agent for the biosynthesis of hippuric acid. Benzoyl-CoA is a substrate in the formation of in Hypericum androsaemum by benzophenone synthase, condensing a molecule of benzoyl-CoA with three malonyl-CoA, yielding to 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzophenone. This intermediate is subsequently converted by a benzophenone 3′-hydroxylase, a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase, leading to the formation of 2,3′,4,6-tetrahydroxybenzophenone.[ Alternative pathways of xanthone biosynthesis in cell cultures of Hypericum androsaemum L. Werner Schmidt and Ludger Beerhues, FEBS Letters, Volume 420, Issues 2-3, 29 December 1997, Pages 143-146, ]
Benzoyl-CoA is a substrate of benzoyl-CoA reductase. This enzyme is responsible in part for the reductive dearomatization of aryl compounds mediated by bacteria under anaerobic conditions.[Matthias Boll , Georg Fuchs , Johann Heider "Anaerobic oxidation of aromatic compounds and hydrocarbons" Current Opinion in Chemical Biology 2002 Volume 6, pp. 604–611. ]
