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Bagnio is a into several languages (from ). In English, French, and so on, it has developed varying meanings: typically a brothel, bath-house, or prison for slaves.


In reference to the Ottoman Empire
The origin of this sense seems to be a prison in , built on former baths, or a prison for hostages near a bath-house in . Definition of "bagnio" from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Accessed 23 February 2015. Thereafter it was extended to all the in the and the regencies. The hostages of the slept in the prisons at night, leaving during the day to work as laborers, galley slaves, or domestic servants. The communication between master and slave and between slaves of different origins was made in a known as Sabir or Mediterranean Lingua Franca, a Mediterranean language with Romance and vocabulary.

The Slaves' Prison in , , which was both a prison and a place where Muslim slaves slept at night, was known as the bagnio or bagno.


In English
Bagnio was a term for a or . In England, it was originally used to name that offered , but by 1740 it signified a where rooms could be hired with no questions asked, or a .article from Saint Cloud (Minnesota) Journal, Thursday June 24, 1869.


In French
Bagne became the word for the prisons of the galley slaves in the ; after galley service was abolished, the word continued to be used as a generic term for any prison. The last one in European France, the Bagne de Toulon, was closed in 1873.

The penal colony in , which was not shut down until 1953, was also called a bagne, and features in the famous bestseller Papillon.


In fiction
El trato de Argel ( Life in Algiers, 1580), Los baños de Argel ( The Bagnios of Algiers, 1615), El gallardo español ( The Gallard Spaniard, 1615) and La gran sultana ( The Great Sultana, 1615) were four comedies by Miguel de Cervantes about the life of the galley slaves, called "caitiffs". Cervantes himself had been imprisoned in (1575–1580). His novel also features a subplot with the story of a caitiff (chapters 39-41 of the first part).

A bagnio, in reference to a or boarding house, is mentioned in The Private Memoirs and Confessions of a Justified Sinner (1824) by as the location of a quarrel between two young nobleman that precedes one of them being murdered and the other arrested for the crime.

In The Day of the Locust (1939) by , Claude Estee's wife, Alice, says "Nothing like a good bagnio to set a fellow up."

Frequent mention of a bagnio is made in (1985) by , set in 1736 and mainly written in the English of that time. In Fowles' novel, the term denotes a brothel, specifically the one run by 'Mistress Claiborne'.


Bibliography

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