An attractant is any chemical that attracts an organism, e.g. i) synthetic lures; ii) aggregation and sex pheromones (intraspecific interactions); and iii) synomone (interspecific interactions)
b) Nishida, R., K.H. Tan, S.L. Wee, A.K.W. Hee and Toong, Y. C. (2004) Phenylpropanoids in the fragrance of the fruit fly orchid, Bulbophyllum cheiri, and their relationship to the pollinator, Bactrocera papayae. Biochemical Systematics & Ecology. 32: 245-252.
c) Tan, K.H., L.T. Tan, and R. Nishida (2006) Floral phenylpropanoid cocktail and architecture of Bulbophyllum vinaceum orchid in attracting fruit flies for pollination. Journal of Chemical Ecology 32: 2429-2441.
a) Tan, K.H. and R. Nishida (2005) Synomone or Kairomone? - Bulbophyllum apertum (Orchidaceae) flower releases raspberry ketone to attract Bactrocera fruit flies. Journal of Chemical Ecology. 31(3): 509-519.
b) Nakahira, M., H. Ono, S.L. Wee, K.H. Tan, and R. Nishida (2018) Floral synomone diversification of Bulbophyllum sibling species (Orchidaceae) in attracting fruit fly pollinators. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 81: 86-95. . . .
R. Raguso [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2066-3269 ORCID] (2020) Don’t forget the flies: dipteran diversity and its consequences for floral ecology and evolution. Applied Entomology and Zoology. 55:1–7. . .
a) Tan, K.H. and R. Nishida (2000) Mutual reproductive benefits between a wild orchid, Bulbophyllum patens, and Bactrocera fruit flies via a floral synomone. Journal of Chemical Ecology 26: 533-546.
b) Tan, K.H. and R. Nishida (2007) Zingerone in the floral synomone of Bulbophyllum baileyi (Orchidaceae) attracts Bactrocera fruit flies during pollination. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 35: 334-341.
a) Katte, T., Tan, K.H., Su, Z.H., Ono, H. and Nishida, R. (2020) Floral fragrances in two closely related fruit fly orchids, Bulbophyllum hortorum and B. macranthoides (Orchidaceae): Assortments of phenylbutanoids to attract tephritid fruit fly species. Applied Entomology and Zoology 55 (1), 55-64.
b) Nishida, R., Howcroft, N.H., Tan, K.H., Su, Z.H. and Ono, H. (2022) Floral synomone components of fruit fly-attracting orchids, Bulbophyllum sinapis and B. hahlianum
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