Areola

 ( Breast Anatomy ) 

human areola ( areola mammae, OED 2nd edition, 1989. or The plural of areola is areolas or areolae ( or ). Areola is the diminutive of Latin area, meaning "open place".) is the area on the breast around the nipple. More generally, an areola is a small circular area on the Human body with a different histology from the surrounding tissue, or other small circular areas such as an inflamed region of skin.

The mature human female nipple has several small openings arranged radially around the tip of the , from which milk is released during lactation. The other small openings in the areola are , also known as Areolar gland.

---

Shade The areolae can range from pink to red to brown to dark brown or nearly black, but generally tend to be paler among people with lighter skin tones and darker among people with darker skin tones. A reason for the differing color may be to make the nipple area more visible to the infant.

Hyperpigmentation occurs in most women during the second stage of pregnancy, leading to a temporarily darker shade.

---

Size and shape The size and shape of areolae and are also highly variable, with those of women usually being larger than those of men and Preadolescence girls. Human areolae are mostly circular in shape, but many women have large areolae that are noticeably Ellipse.

The average diameter of male areolae is around . Sexually mature women have an average of , but sizes can exceed . Lactating women, and women with particularly large breasts, may have even larger areolae. A function of the specialized dermis of the areola is to protect the regular breast skin from wear, cracked nipple, and irritation. Infants sometimes create trauma to the nipple and areolae by latching-on.

Rated according to the Tanner scale of female physical development, the areolae enlarge during stage 3, but they show no separation of contour. During stage 4, the areolae and nipple rise above breast level and form secondary mounds. By stage 5, the breasts have fully developed. As this has resulted in recession of the areolae, the papillae may reach a little above the breasts' contour.

Pregnancy can cause enlargement of the areola tissue and of Montgomery glands or tubercles.

---

Mechanoreceptors Breastfeeding by the baby stimulates slowly and rapidly adapting that are densely packed around the areolar region.

---

Diseases Paget's disease of the breast is a malignant condition that outwardly may have the appearance of eczema, with skin changes involving the areola and nipple.

---

See also

• List of specialized glands within the human integumentary system

Post Comment