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Zvornik (Зворник, ) is a city in , Bosnia and Herzegovina. In 2013, it had a population of 58,856 inhabitants. Zvornik is located on the , on the eastern slopes of mountain, at the altitude of 146m.

The town of ("Little Zvornik") lies directly across the river in . Zvornik fortress Altitude and Location Kula Grad, a village that is part of Zvornik municipality, has a Middle Age fort, , built in the 12th century.

History
Zvornik is first mentioned in 1410, although it was known as Zvonik ("bell tower") at that time. The town's geographic location has made it an important trade link between Bosnia and the east. For instance, the main road connecting and runs through the city. The medieval fort known as was built in the early 7th century and still stands on the Mlađevac mountainous range overlooking the Drina Valley.

Ottoman rule
During the period, Zvornik was the capital of the Sanjak of Zvornik (an administrative region) within the Eyalet of Bosnia. This was primarily the case because of the city's crucial role in the economy and the strategic importance of the city's location. The Sanjak of Zvornik was one of six Ottoman sanjaks with most developed (besides the sanjaks of Vidin, Nicopolis, Požega, Smederevo and Mohač). In 1806, Zvornik was home to Mehmed-beg Kulenović.

Stojan Čupić (also known as Zmaj od Noćaja), one of the leaders of the First Serbian Uprising, was captured and murdered by the Turks in Zvornik in 1815. He was initially buried near the road from Zvornik to Tuzla, and his remains were moved to Salaš Noćajski in 1988.

World War II
troops of the fascist Independent State of Croatia occupied Zvornik, along with most of Bosnia, in April 1941. The town was liberated in July 1943 by the 1st Proletarian Brigade during the Battle of Zvornik.

Bosnian war
During the (1992–1995) Zvornik's population was expelled. The military attack of paramilitary groups that came from Serbia on Zvornik Bosniaks commenced on 8 April 1992. UN report on Zvornik During April 1992, many European news stations daily reported Serb armed attacks and of the Bosniak population of Zvornik and the surrounding villages.

On 19 May 1992, combined JNA, Serb paramilitary and 's Tigers took control of Zvornik and . The suburbs of and Čelopek were places of prisons where hundreds of local Bosniaks were killed. The remaining Bosniaks and non-Serbs were relegated to concentration camps and detention facilities throughout the area. During the war, Serb forces destroyed at least 26 mosques in and around the city.

File:Kula grad Zvornik 210 (63).jpg| File:Stećci Zvornik.jpg|Photograph of Stećci in Zvornik File:Durch Bosnien und die Herzegovina kreuz und quer; Wanderungen (1897) (14779343384).jpg|Zvornik in 1897. File:DD-SD-00-00561.JPEG|Local policemen and US military personnel on their way to check a post-Dayton resettlement effort

Settlements
Aside from the city proper area of Zvornik, the municipality comprises the following settlements:

Demographics
Population
Settlement1879188518951910192119311948195319611971198119912013
Total27,46834,94938,98647,75647,23347,32650,01153,63960,91060,91073,84581,29558,856
1Androvići 319291
2Boškovići 583566
3Branjevo 2,694
4Buložani 241304
5Čelopek 1,8961,801
6Cer 426
7Đevanje 340279
8Divič 1,388637
9Donja Kamenica 1,391974
10Donja Pilica 1,3041,176
11Donji Lokanj 1,4071,100
12Donji Šepak 449379
13Dugi Dio 342296
14Đulići 1,043697
15Ekonomija 1,366
16Glodi 1,260759
17Glumina 2,399993
18Gornja Kamenica 1,609622
19Gornja Pilica 1,104816
20Gornje Snagovo 1,238842
21Gornji Grbavci 939962
22Gornji Lokanj 901658
23Gornji Šepak 1,964895
24Grbavci Donji 1,058363
25Jardan 1,532563
26Jasenica 950877
27Jošanica 340
28Jusići 500275
29Karakaj 2,731
30Kiseljak 580335
31Kitovnice 621422
32Klisa 617325
33Kostijerevo 1,230506
34Kozluk 3,0171,543
35Križevići 2,3101,888
36Kučić Kula 970366
37Kula Grad 1,120571
38Liplje 422
39Malešić 736398
40Novo Selo 1,262622
41Oraovac 674
42Pađine 560519
43Petkovci 877329
44Potočani 344229
45Roćević 1,2351,220
46Samari 230
47Šetići 741489
48Srednji Šepak 312
49Tabanci 1,180848
50Trnovica 1,033659
51Tršić 2,0971,744
52Ugljari 609345
53Ulice 1,795
54Zelinje 529397
55Zvornik 4,3207,4835.4448,53812,14714,58412,674

Ethnic composition
1971198119912013
Total8,53812,14714,58412,674
Bosniaks5,736 (67.18%)6,686 (55.04%)8,854 (60.71%)
Serbs2,424 (28.39%)3,491 (28.74%)4,235 (29.04%)
Yugoslavs24 (0.281%)1,597 (13.15%)944 (6.473%)
Others141 (1.651%)72 (0.593%)475 (3.257%)
Croats83 (0.972%)66 (0.543%)76 (0.521%)
Roma49 (0.574%)135 (1.111%)
Albanians26 (0.305%)48 (0.395%)
Montenegrins27 (0.316%)35 (0.288%)
Slovenes16 (0.187%)7 (0.058%)
Macedonians3 (0.035%)6 (0.049%)
Hungarians9 (0.105%)4 (0.033%)

1971198119912013
Total60,91073,84581,29558,856
Serbs27,769 (45.59%)30,064 (40.71%)30,863 (37.96%)38,579 (65.55%)
Bosniaks32,504 (53.36%)40,801 (55.,25%)48,102 (59.17%)19,855 (33.73%)
Others316 (0.519%)295 (0.399%)960 (1.181%)316 (0.537%)
Croats107 (0.176%)104 (0.141%)122 (0.150%)106 (0.180%)
Yugoslavs49 (0.080%)2,110 (2.857%)1,248 (1.535%)
Roma49 (0.080%)335 (0.454%)
Albanians31 (0.051%)58 (0.079%)
Montenegrins44 (0.072%)47 (0.064%)
Macedonians10 (0.016%)12 (0.016%)
Slovenes18 (0.030%)12 (0.016%)
Hungarians13 (0.021%)7 (0.009%)

Economy
The table shows the number of registered people employed in legal entities by their core activity in 2018:
80
19
3,176
186
173
665
1,444
603
415
105
103
12
114
28
688
801
665
76
126
9,479

Culture
The Cultural Summer of Zvornik (Zvorničko kulturno ljeto) is an annual event held in the first week of August, usually for six days. Its main objective is to become a traditional cultural event which will open the doors of Zvornik for recognized cultural values.

The festival was first held in August 2001 as a local event and has grown to be one of the biggest festivals in the .

In 2007, famous singers such as and participated, but in 2008 theis festival featured some of the most notable stars from former , like Željko Joksimović, Hari Mata Hari, Van Gogh and Marinko Rokvić. There is also a on the river , a fun marathon and many cultural events and competitions during day and night.

International co-operation
Zvornik is twinned with:

Other friendships and cooperations, protocols, memorandums:

Sport
The local , FK Drina Zvornik and ŽFK Drina Zvornik, play in the First League of the Republika Srpska. First league of RS 2017/18 Members of the First league of Republika Srpska also are volleyball and handball clubs Zvornik.

Notable people
  • Seka Aleksić, singer
  • Ermin Bičakčić, footballer
  • Rade Đokić, footballer
  • Amer Hrustanović, sports wrestler, European medallist
  • Said Husejinović, footballer
  • Goran Ikonić, basketball player
  • Zlatko Junuzović, Austrian footballer
  • Samir Muratović, footballer
  • Nada Obrić, singer
  • Denis Omerbegović, footballer
  • Borisav Pisić, athlete
  • Sejad Salihović, footballer
  • Alan Ibrahimagić, basketball coach

See also

  • Official results from the book: Ethnic composition of Bosnia-Herzegovina population, by municipalities and settlements, 1991. census, Zavod za statistiku Bosne i Hercegovine - Bilten no.234, Sarajevo 1991.

External links

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