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Zhvanets () is a village (a selo) in Kamianets-Podilskyi Raion (district) of Khmelnytskyi Oblast in . It hosts the administration of Zhvanets rural hromada, one of the of Ukraine. The village's population was 1,529 as of the 2001 Ukrainian census. Zhvanets


History
Żwaniec, as it was known in Polish, was first mentioned in 1431, when the knight Svychko (or Svichka) received this settlement from Polish King Władysław II Jagiełło. It was established in an unpopulated area in the 15th century. Later on, it passed to the Jazłowiecki, Sroczycki, and Lanckoroński . Administratively it was located in the Podolian Voivodeship in the Lesser Poland Province of the Kingdom of Poland. In the 15th century, the Zhvanets Castle was built, which was repeatedly rebuilt in the 16th and 17th centuries and was significantly destroyed during the 20th century.

In 1620, the Turks and Tatars invaded Podolia having destroyed the fortress. The following year, 40,000 troops led by a Ukrainian Hetman of Zaporozhian Cossacks Petro Konashevych-Sahaidachny joined Zhvanets and took part in the Khotyn War.

In 1646, King Władysław IV Vasa granted Żwaniec . It was a .

In the autumn of 1653, the troops of John II Casimir Vasa and Bohdan Khmelnytsky met near the city during Khmelnytsky Uprising resulting in the Siege of Zhvanets. In 1672, Ottoman Sultan invaded and seized the town. The castle was converted into a prison for captive Poles, including merchants from Kamieniec Podolski, thus, during the Battle of Chocim of 1673, it was destroyed by the order of John III Sobieski. During the Polish–Ottoman War of 1683–1699, John III Sobieski returned to Żwaniec in 1684, and the armies of Great Crown Hetman Stanisław Jan Jabłonowski and Lithuanian Great Hetman Kazimierz Jan Sapieha joined forces there. After the Polish victory in the war, the return of Żwaniec to Poland was confirmed in 1699. After the war, the devastated border town was re-settled by newcomers from Przemyśl and , Armenians from Kamieniec Podolski and Greeks from , with the latter two groups specializing in trade. The town was visited by King Stanisław August Poniatowski in 1781.

The town was annexed by in the Second Partition of Poland in 1793. A customs chamber was established in the town, which was abolished in 1812. The town was visited by Emperors Alexander I of Russia and Nicholas I of Russia in 1818 and 1843, respectively.

In early August 1914, the town was occupied by Austro-Hungarian troops, but then again occupied by Russian army. In February 1918, it was again captured by Austro-Hungarian troops. At the end of 1918, the town was captured by the troops of the Directory. In 1920, the town was administratively part of the Podolian District of newly reborn Poland, before it passed to , and afterwards it was located near Ukraine's with Poland and Romania.

During World War II, it was occupied by from 1941 to 1944.

August 24, 1991, the village Zhvanets became part of the independent country of .

Since September 8, 2017, through the merger of village councils, Zhvanets has become the center of the community of the same name.


Notable people
  • (1905-1990), Jewish American choreographer, born in Zhvanets
  •  (1905–1962), architect in British Mandate Palestine and Israel, born in Zhvanets
  • Jacob "the Sharp" Halpern (1698-1738), rabbi of Zhvanets and author of many unprinted books. Despite scholastic fame and an 1893 public appeal, his manuscripts (including Beit Yaakov and Megillat Yuhasin) languished in the Odessa home of Joseph Israel Halpern (1840-1928) and have since been lost. Formerly rabbi of , whence he composed a responsum in 1721. His father Tobiah Jehiel Michel Halpern had been rabbi of . His wife was Fradl and his sons included Zeev Halpern and Solomon Isaac Halpern, rabbi of . Note that this article has been reprinted in Hebrew many times.


Gallery
Zhvanets, Khmelnytskyi Oblast.jpg|Entrance to the village Міст через Жванчик у Жванці.JPG|Bridge over Zhvanchik Руїни фортеці в селі Жванець над річкою Жванчик в серпні.jpg|On the banks of the river Біля замку у Жванці.jpg|Near the castle 6. Жванець (22).JPG|Zhvanets Жванець.JPG|Castle ZwaniecZamek2.JPG|Castle Міст через р. Дністер.jpg|Bridge over the Dniester


See also
  • Siege of Zhvanets


External links


Bibliography
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