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Zhangzhou (, ) is a prefecture-level city in Fujian Province, China. The prefecture around the city proper comprises the southeast corner of the province, facing the Taiwan Strait and (with Quanzhou) surrounding the prefecture of Xiamen.
It also appears as Chang-chu,. Changchew, Chiang-chew, Chiang-Chew, Chiang Chew, Chiochiu, Chanchiu, Changchiu from the city's local Zhangzhou dialect pronunciation of Hokkien c=漳州. This name appeared in Spanish Empire and Portuguese Jesuit sources as Chincheo as well from the Quanzhou dialect pronunciation of Hokkien c=漳州, which was anglicization as Chinchew. By the 19th century, however, Chinchew as a name had migrated and was used to refer to Quanzhou, a separate port about east-northeast of central Zhangzhou.
During the early Qing dynasty, Zhangzhou was the primary port trading with Portuguese Macao and Spanish Empire Colonial Manila. For a time, the Portuguese maintained a trading factory in the city.
During the late Qing dynasty, Zhangzhou remained a center of Chinese silk, brick, and sugar production with about a million people and extensive internal and maritime trade. Its city wall had a circumference of about but included a good deal of open ground and farmland. Its streets were paved with granite but badly maintained. The bridge across the Jiulong River consisted of wooden planks laid between 25 piles of stones at roughly equal intervals. The port of Xiamen in Xiamen Island at the mouth of the Jiulong principally functioned as a trading center for the produce and wares of Zhangzhou and its hinterland; both suffered economically when Indian tea plantations cratered demand for Fujianese tea in the late 19th century..
From 1918 to 1920, Chen Jiongming established the Anarchism Constitution Protection Region of Southern Fujian with Zhangzhou as its capital. Chen Jiongming Anarchism and the Federalist State
The old city of Zhangzhou (now Xiangcheng District) was occupied in April and May 1932 by a column of Communist guerrillas under Mao Zedong. Due to the presence of Western in Xiamen Bay, arms shipments from the Soviet Union were unable to get up the Jiulong River to Mao's forces and the main Communist bases. Discovering this, Mao retreated from the city, according to some accounts with a substantial amount of loot taken from its residents..
The main language of the Zhangzhou Hokkiens is the local dialect of Hokkien, part of the Southern Min branch of Min Chinese.
Hakka is also spoken in the rural peasant area of Zhangzhou in the west and south.
A major petrochemical plant, producing paraxylene, owned by Taiwan-based Xianglu Group is located in Zhangzhou's Gulei Peninsula. The plant suffered major fires in 2013 and 2015.
Administrative divisions
Zhangzhou comprises 4 urban districts, and 7 counties.
Demographics
During the 2020 Chinese census, the entire area of Zhangzhou was home to 5,054,328 inhabitants. Along with the 2,120,178 people of central Xiamen, its urban districts of Xiangcheng, Longwen, Longhai District and Changtai, form a single metropolitan area of about 7,284,148 people.
Economy
Babao seal paste was invented by the druggist Wei Changan as a traditional medicine in 1673. It was repurposed for artistic use a few years later and gained imperial favor under the Qianlong Emperor. It remains prized for its bright color and pleasant smell.
Transportation
Two passenger stations serve Zhangzhou:
Education
Notable residents
Sister city
Zhangzhou is Sister city with the following regions, cities and towns:
See also
External links
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