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Tovaangar

( Tongva )

Travel
Land
Villages

Los Angeles County

San Fernando Valley
San Gabriel Valley
Westside/Central
[[Gateway Cities]]
South Bay

Orange County
San Bernardino County
Riverside County
Channel Islands

References

C O N T E N T S

County San Tongva Tovaangar

Rank: 100%

Wiki
Comments
Media

Tovaangar ( Tongva language: "the world") refers to the Tongva world or homelands. It includes the greater area of the Los Angeles Basin, including the San Gabriel Valley, San Fernando Valley, northern Orange County, parts of San Bernardino County and Riverside County, and the southern Channel Islands, including San Nicholas, Santa Catalina, Santa Barbara, and San Clemente.

9780429295546 . ISBN 9780429295546

The homelands of the Chumash people are to the northwest, the Tataviam to the north, the Serrano people and Cahuilla to the east, and the Acjachemen and Payómkawichum to the south.

Travel

Prior to European colonialism, land travel through Tovaangar largely occurred through an extensive network of trails traveled by Indigenous peoples throughout the region. Although not often recognized by name, many of these trails became roads and highways that are now used for automobile travel. One of the most significant was the Mohave Trail, which connected Tovaangar to nations in the east along, what the Spaniards referred to as, the Colorado River.

Natale A. Zappia (2025). 9781469615851, University of North Carolina Press. . ISBN 9781469615851

Travel over water mainly occurred through Tule reed for local travel through waterways. For ocean travel, particularly between the mainland and the villages on Pimuu'nga, Kinkipar, and Haraasnga, te'aats or ti'ats were common. These are wooden plank boats built by the Tongva currently in the Ti'at Society that are made air tight with a mixture of asphaltum and hold up to twelve people. A similar boat is the Chumash people tomol. The Tongva and Chumash are unique in being the only two nations in the region with plank canoes of this kind.

(2025). 9781614239185, History Press. ISBN 9781614239185

Land

After the establishment of Spanish missions in California and the California genocide, all of Tovaangar has been taken out of the Tongva's stewardship. The Tongva Taraxat Paxaavxa Conservancy has been established for the rematriation of Tongva homelands. In 2022, a was returned to the conservancy in Altadena, which marked the first time the Tongva had land under their stewardship in Los Angeles County in nearly two-hundred years.

Villages

Los Angeles County

San Fernando Valley