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Tammun () is a Palestinians town in the Tubas Governorate of the State of Palestine, located 13 kilometers northeast of Nablus and five kilometers south of Tubas in the northeastern West Bank. Tammun had a population of approximately 10,795 inhabitants in 2007 and 13,117 by 2017. 2007 PCBS Census. Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics. p.107.
van de Velde suggested in 1854 that Tammun was the Biblical town of Tabbath in Ephraim;van de Velde (1854), p. 328. (see ); however, Tabbath is now identified with a site in Jordan.
Over the past four centuries, people from the towns of Kafr Qaddum and Halhul have settled in the village. A small portion of the residents came from Egypt.Grossman, D. (1986). "Oscillations in the Rural Settlement of Samaria and Judaea in the Ottoman Period". in Shomron studies. Dar, S., Safrai, S., (eds). Tel Aviv: Hakibbutz Hameuchad Publishing House. p. 348.
In 1882, the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine described Tammun as "A good-sized village at the foot of the mountain, with open ground to the north. The village stands high, with olives to the south.Conder and Kitchener (1882), SWP II, p. 228
In the 1945 statistics, the population was 2,070 Muslims,Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 19 with 98,080 of land, according to an official land and population survey.Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi (1970), p. 61. 393 dunams were used for plantations and irrigable land, 33,181 dunams for cereals,Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi (1970), p. 108. while 157 dunams were built-up (urban) land.Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi (1970), p. 158.
The Jordanian census of 1961 found 2,593 inhabitants in Tammun.Government of Jordan, Department of Statistics, 1964, p. 14.
In 2023, the town was stormed by the IDF.
On January 29, 2025, during Operation Iron Wall at least 10 Palestinians were killed and several others wounded in an Israeli airstrike by the IDF. 10 Palestinians killed, others injured in Israeli airstrike on Tammoun, 29/January/2025, WAFA
On March 30, 2025, a 22-year-old Palestinian man was shot dead by undercover Israeli forces in a raid in the town.
The town's total land area is about 81,000 , accounting for more than 15% of the Tubas Governorate's jurisdiction. About 1,519 dunams are designated as 'built up' area, while 79,481 dunams are used for agricultural purposes, are covered by forests or are classified as closed-off areas controlled by the Israel Defense Forces. Tammun Fact Sheet Applied Research Institute - Jerusalem.
The average temperature in Tammun is 20 degrees Celsius. The town receives an average annual rainfall of 331 millimeters and the average humidity rate is 57%.
According to the PCBS, Tammun had a population of 10,795 inhabitants in the 2007 census. The growth of inhabitants from 1997 and 2005 was 32.1%. Its population constituted over 21% of the entire population of the Tubas Governorate, making it the second largest city after Tubas. Tammun's residents generally are from two Arab families: Bani Odeh and Bsharat.
Currently, 50% work in agriculture, 35% work in the Israeli labor market, 10% in services, 2% in construction and 3% in trade. In 2006, there were 212 shops, eight restaurants, a wheat mill, a pickle factory and other industries such as cheese and jam production. In 1997, Tammun's labor force made up 67% of the town's population. However, 66.3% were non-economically active. Women constituted 34% of the labor force. Tammun's average income dropped from 1,500 NIS before 2000 to 600 NIS in 2004 — a decrease of 60%.
Tammun has a total of 25,000 dunams of cultivated land, of which 4,166 are grown with fruit orchards, 3,560 for field crops, 600 dunams for vegetables and 120 are used for . According to the Palestinian Ministry of Agriculture, Tammun produces five tonnes of olives, 3,500 tonnes of vegetables and 2,500 tonnes of field crops per annum. Around 10% of Tammun's residents own livestock which consists of 137 herds of cattle, 480 goats, 5,250 sheep, 37,000 poultry and 138 beehives for honey.
There are seven schools and six kindergartens in the town, all administered by the Education Ministry of the Palestinian National Authority. Of the seven schools, three were all-male schools, two were all women and two were co-ed. In 2004–05, 3,091 students were enrolled in these schools. There was a total of 395 children in Tammun's kindergartens.
British Mandate
In the 1922 census of Palestine, conducted by the British Mandate authorities, Tammun had a population of 1,345, all Muslim.Barron, 1923, Table IX, Sub-district of Nablus, p. 24 This had increased in the 1931 census of Palestine, when Tammun, (including Atuf), had 316 occupied houses and a population of 1,599, again all Muslim.Mills (1932), p. 65.
Jordanian period
In the wake of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and after the 1949 Armistice Agreements, Tammun came under rule. It was annexed by Jordan in 1950.
1967 war and aftermath
Since the Six-Day War in 1967, Tammun has been under Israeli occupation.
Geography and climate
Tammun stands at an elevation of 332 meters above sea level. It is five kilometers south of Tubas, twenty-three kilometers northeast of Nablus, and bordered by Far'a and Wadi al-Far'a to the west and an-Naseriya to the south.
Demographics
According to the 1997 census by the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS), Tammun had a population of 7,640, of whom 3,771 were males and 3,869 were females. The age distribution of the town's inhabitants was 45% under the age of 15, 49.9% between the ages of 15 and 4.6% were above the age of 65.
Economy
Prior to the 1967 Six-Day War, Tammun's residents mostly relied on farming and raising livestock. Since 1967 to the First Intifada, work has shifted to Israel where many laborers were employed. The Palestinian National Authority, which gained civil control over Tammun in 1995, has provided more job opportunities in the public sector and trade. After the outbreak of the Second Intifada in 2000, labor shifted once again to agriculture.
Government
Tammun was transferred to the Palestinian National Authority on November 13, 1995, and was originally governed by a village council. Palestine Facts; 1994-1995 Palestinian Academic Society for the Study of International Affairs. Since 1997, Tammun has been governed by a municipal council with fifteen elected members, including the mayor. The municipality is in charge of Tammun's administration, planning and development, social services, infrastructural maintenance, utilities, solid waste collection and issuing of building licenses. In the 2005 Palestinian municipal elections, Muhammad Ahmad Bsharat was elected mayor. Municipalities Nablus Municipality Guide.
Education
In 1997, 84.3% of Tammun's population over the age of 10 was literate. Women made up 80% of the illiterate residents. About 17% of the population over the age of 18 had completed their secondary and high school education, 20% completed primary and secondary education and 27.2% completed just their primary education.
Bibliography
(1977). 9783920405414, Erlanger Geographische Arbeiten, Sonderband 5. Erlangen, Germany: Vorstand der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft. . ISBN 9783920405414
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