Tabas () is a city in the Central District of Tabas County, South Khorasan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district.
History
Early history
The history of Tabas dates back to pre-Islamic times. It was an important outpost of the
Sasanian Empire.
Due to its strategic location at the edge of the Great Salt Desert, and at the confluence of many roads, the geographer al-Baladhuri called the city "the Gate of Khurasan".[ ] In the early Islamic period it was known as Tabas al-Tamr () due to a large forest of date palms that grew there, and later as Tabas Gilaki after a famous governor of the city, Abu'l-Hasan ibn Muhammad Gilaki, who in the mid-11th century had pacified the region.
Tabas was spared when the Mongols attacked Iran. It had a local government incorporating not only Tabas but also Ferdows and Gonabad. After the death of Nader Shah in 1747, it as under the control of the Zangu'i Arabs as an independent state which included nearby Tun.
Earthquake of 1978
In 1978, the 7.4 Tabas earthquake affected the city with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent). At least 15,000 people were killed. Since then, the city has been rebuilt with many new streets, parks and public buildings.
Operation Eagle Claw
The failed rescue American operation Operation Eagle Claw on 24–25 April 1980 to free American hostages in Tehran occurred near Tabas in Tabas Country about 127km southwest of Tabas town by the road to Yazd location (33.07020674739667;55.89196171977231).
In Iran, the operation is called
amaliat tabas (Tabas operation), and the significance and aftermath of the failed operation made the city Tabas known in almost every corner of Iran.
[عملیات طبس] The Tabas air defense system is accordingly named so.
Administrative changes
At first, Tabas County was part of Khorasan province. It became a part of
Yazd province province in 2001,
joining South Khorasan province in 2013.
Demographics
Language
The people of Tabas speak a Khorasani accent of
Persian language that sounds somewhat different from the standard Iranian version ("
Tehrani accent").
Population
At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 30,681 in 7,962 households, when it was in
Yazd Province province.
The following census in 2011 counted 35,150 people in 9,903 households.
The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 39,676 people in 11,876 households,
by which time the county had been separated from the province to join South Khorasan province.
Geography
Location
Tabas is in
central Iran, 950 kilometers southeast of
Tehran, in South Khorasan Province.
It is a Desert cities with many date and citrus trees. It has a 300-year-old public garden (Golshan Garden).
Climate
Tabas has a hot desert climate (Köppen
BWh).
Economy
Agricultural products
The agricultural products of this desert city are very significant. Products such as: oranges,
Pistachio, dates,
Persimmon, summer fruits and
daffodils; Also, tea bread, chickpea bread, and jams that are prepared from agricultural products, such as: spring orange jam, balang jam, orange peel jam, and Tabas mountain and local
liqueurs.
Mines
Tabas has some of the richest coal mines of Iran.
The 2024 Tabas coal mine explosion in the Tabas Parvadeh 5 Mine claimed at least 51 lives.
Transportation
Multiple bus lines, a railroad station and an airport connect Tabas to Mashhad, Yazd, Tehran, Kerman and Birjand (the capital city of South Khorasan province).
Notable people
-
Abbas Vaez-Tabasi, born 25 June 1935 in Tabas; Grand Imam and Chairman of the Astan Quds Razavi board
-
Massoud Rajavi, born 18 August 1948 in Tabas; one of the two leaders of the People's Mujahedin of Iran
== Gallery ==
See also
Notes
