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Stylonuroidea is an extinct superfamily of , an extinct group of chelicerate commonly known as "sea scorpions". It is one of four superfamilies classified as part of the suborder Stylonurina.
Stylonuroidea, which lived from the Early Silurian to the Late Devonian, were characterized by their last pair of prosomal (head) appendages, which were developed as walking legs, or less commonly developed as swimming legs with paddles formed by the expansion of the two or three penultimate joints. 1955. Merostomata. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part P Arthropoda 2, Chelicerata, P36. as Stylonuracea
Sweep-feeding strategies evolved independently in two of the four stylonurine superfamilies, the Stylonuroidea and the Hibbertopteroidea. In both superfamilies, the adaptations to this lifestyle involves modifications to the spines on their anterior prosomal appendages for raking through the substrate of their habitats. Stylonuroids have fixed spines on appendages II-IV which could have been used as dragnets to rake through the sediments and thus entangling anything in their way.
The lack of fossil remains compounds the problem of the internal systematics. For instance, the family Parastylonuridae is likely Paraphyly but it is retained as it is due to the lack of complete specimens of the genera included within it, Parastylonurus and Stylonurella.
Superfamily Stylonuroidea Kjellesvig-Waering, 1959
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