Siirt (; ; ;[Thomas A. Carlson et al., “Siirt — ܣܥܪܬ ” in The Syriac Gazetteer last modified December 9, 2016, http://syriaca.org/place/188.]
Neighborhoods
The city is divided into the neighborhoods of Afetevlerı, Alan, Algul, Bahçelievler, Barış, Batı, Conkbayır, Çal, Doğan, Dumlupınar, Halenze, İnönü, Karakol, Kooperatif, Sakarya, Tınaztepe, Ulus, Ülkü, Veysel Karani and Yeni.
History
Previously known as
Saird, in pre-Islamic times Siirt was a diocese of the Eastern Orthodox Church (
Sirte, Σίρτη in
Medieval Greek). In the medieval times,
Arzen was the main city and it competed with Hasankeyf over the control the region, Siirt was only to become a center of the region in the 14th century. But it was still dependent from
Hasankeyf until the 17th century.
An illuminated manuscript known as the Syriac Bible of Paris might have originated from the Bishop of Siirt's library, Siirt's Christians would have worshipped in
Syriac language, a liturgical language descended from
Aramaic language still in use by the Syriac Rite,
Chaldean Rite, other Eastern Christians in India, and the Nestorians along the Silk Road as far as China. The Chronicle of Seert was preserved in the city; it describes the ecclesiastical history of the Persian realm through to the middle of the seventh century. From 1858 to 1915 the city was the seat of a bishop of the Chaldean Catholic Church. Most of the city's
Assyrian people, including
Addai Scher their archbishop were murdered during the Assyrian genocide along with the loss of artefacts such as the Syriac manuscript of Theodore of Mopsuestia's De Incarnatione.
Also during World War I, the Armenian population of Siirt became a victim of the Armenian genocide.
Demographics
Historical
Mark Sykes recorded Siirt as a city inhabited by Kurds, Arabs, Assyrians, and Armenians.
During the second half of the 19th century, many Armenians left Siirt due to persecutions and poor economic conditions.
During the 1895 Hamidian massacres, many Armenians were forcibly converted to Islam and the clergy was massacred.
[ Before World War I, the sanjak of Siirt formed a Christian enclave with 60,000 Christians: 25,000 Armenians, 20,000 Syriac Orthodox, and 15,000 Chaldean Catholics.][ Agha Petros mentions 40 Assyrian people families in the city of Siirt.][ Mardin Chaldean priest Joseph Tfinkdji lists 5,430 Chaldeans in the diocese: 824 in the town and the rest in surrounding villages.][ The community was led by Addai Sher.][ David Gaunt mentions some Yezidi presence.][
]
|
Mother tongue composition of the city proper of Siirt in 1927 according to Turkish census |
|
|
| 69.5 |
| 24.0 |
| 6.5 |
| 0.0 |
| 100 |
According to the 1927 census, the population in the whole district was almost exclusively Muslim, with the exception of two Catholics, one Protestant, four Armenians, 17 other Christians, and 38 "other religion".
İsmet İnönü referred to the city as an Arab city eager to get Turkification, while Kurds lived in the outskirts.
Modern
Kurds constitute a majority in the city with a significant Arab community.
Government
In the municipal elections of March 2019 Berivan Helen Işık of the Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP) was elected mayor.
On January 29 2025, another elected mayor from the pro-Kurdish DEM party was removed from office due to "convictions on terrorism-related offenses", according to the Interior Ministry, and was replaced by a state official.
Landmarks
The city's landmark is the Great Mosque ( Ulu Cami) built in 1129 by the Great Seljuk Sultan Mahmud II who belonged to the main branch of the dynasty that ruled from Baghdad after the Seljuks had split into several branches. The mosque was further developed by the Ottoman Empire. The mosque was restored in 1965.
Trivia
Siirt was Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan's constituency from 2003 to 2007. His wife, Mrs. Emine Erdoğan, is from Siirt and the PM had been elected to the Turkish Grand National Assembly in a by-election held in Siirt in 2003.
Although Siirt remains one of the poorer cities in Turkey, some neighbourhoods have fine and modern housing including new shops, banks and hotels.[ Siirt in South East Turkey Photo Gallery by Dick Osseman at. Pbase.com. Retrieved on 2011-04-16.]
Climate
Siirt has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen: Csa, Trewartha : Cs) with very hot, dry summers and chilly, wet winters. During winter months there is frequent frost and occasional snowfall.
Notable people
-
Addai Sher, Chaldean Catholic archbishop of Siirt in Upper Mesopotamia was martyred in Siirt in 1915 during the Sayfo
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Mehmet Güney (1936*), Diplomat and judge
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Archbishop Vicken Aykazian (1951*), Diocesan Legate and Ecumenical Director for the Eastern Diocese of the Armenian Apostolic Church of America.
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Coşkun Aral (1956*), correspondent, photo journalist, television journalist and documentary film producer.
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Ethem Sancak (1958*), Businessmen
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Yasin Aktay (1966*), Chairman of Justice and Development Party in Turkey
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Hasan Özer (1974*), footballer and manager
-
Kerem Gürgen (1983*), boxer
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Evin Demirhan (1995*), freestyle wrestler
== Gallery ==
External links
