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Shewanella is the sole genus included in the marine bacteria family Shewanellaceae. Some species within it were formerly classed as Alteromonas. Shewanella consists of facultatively anaerobic Gram-negative rods, most of which are found in extreme aquatic habitats where the temperature is very low and the pressure is very high. (2026). 9789048190782, Springer Verlag. ISBN 9789048190782 Shewanella bacteria are a normal component of the surface flora of fish and are implicated in fish spoilage.Adams and Moss, Food Microbiology, third edition 2008, pp 26, 138, 140, Shewanella chilikensis is a species of the genus Shewanella commonly found in the Sponge of Saint Martin's Island of the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh.
Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 is a widely used laboratory model to study anaerobic respiration of metals and other anaerobic extracellular electron acceptors, and for teaching about microbial electrogenesis and microbial fuel cells.
| Colony characters | Size | Small, Medium |
| Type | Round | |
| Color | Brownish, Pinkish | |
| Shape | Convex | |
| Morphological characters | Shape | Rod |
| Physiological characters | Motility | + |
| Growth at 6.5% NaCl | + | |
| Biochemical characters | Gram's staining | – |
| Oxidase | + | |
| Catalase | + | |
| Oxidative-Fermentative | Fermentative | |
| Motility | + | |
| Methyl Red | – | |
| Voges-Proskauer | – | |
| Indole | – | |
| H2S Production | + | |
| Urease | + | |
| Nitrate reductase | – | |
| β-Galactosidase | + | |
| Hydrolysis of | Gelatin | – |
| Aesculin | + | |
| Casein | + | |
| Tween 40 | + | |
| Tween 60 | + | |
| Tween 80 | + | |
| Acid production from | Glycerol | – |
| Galactose | – | |
| D-Glucose | + | |
| D-Fructose | + | |
| D-Mannose | + | |
| Mannitol | + | |
| N-Acetylglucosamine | + | |
| Amygdalin | + | |
| Maltose | + | |
| D-Melibiose | + | |
| D-Trehalose | + | |
| Glycogen | + | |
| D-Turanose | + |
[http://www.cell.com/biophysj/fulltext/S0006-3495(14)03228-7, Expression Dynamics of Arsenic Respiration and Detoxification in Shewanella sp. Strain ANA-3], ''Journal of Bacteriology'', Nov 2005Some members of this species, most notably ''Shewanella oneidensis'', have the ability to respire through a wide range of metal species, including manganese, chromium, uranium, and iron.Tiedje, [https://www.nature.com/articles/nbt1102-1093#ref2, Shewanella—the environmentally versatile genome], ''Nature Biotechnology'' Reduction of iron and manganese through Shewanella respiration has been shown to involve extracellular electron transfer through the employment of bacterial nanowires, extensions of the outer membrane.Pirbadian et al., Bacterial Nanowires of Shewanella Oneidensis MR-1 are Outer Membrane and Periplasmic Extensions of the Extracellular Electron Transport Components, Biophysical Journal, Volume 108, Jan 2015
Shewanella also contributes to the biogeochemical circulation of minerals. Members of this genus are widely distributed in aquatic habitats, from the deep sea to the shallow Antarctic Ocean. Its diverse habitats, coupled to its ability to reduce a variety of metals, makes the genus critical for the cycling of minerals. For instance, under aerobic conditions, various species of Shewanella are capable of oxidizing manganese. When conditions are changed, the same species can reduce the manganese oxide products. Hence, since Shewanella can both oxidize and reduce manganese, it is critical to the cycling of manganese.
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