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Senecavirus is a genus of viruses in the order Picornavirales, in the family Picornaviridae. Mammals of the order Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates) serve as natural hosts, with senecaviruses reported in cows, pigs and dolphins. The genus contains two species. Senecavirus is a replication-competent oncolytic picornavirus. It has selective tropism for cancers with neuroendocrine features including small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and several pediatric solid tumors including retinoblastoma, neuroblastoma, and medulloblastoma. A Phase I clinical trial of Senecavirus in adults with neuroendocrine tumors showed that senecavirus is apparently safe to administer at doses up to 1E11 vp/kg. It has potential antineoplastic activity.National Cancer Institute Definition of Seneca Valley virus-001. National Cancer Institute Retrieved on 2008-10-09.
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The receptor for Seneca Valley virus has been identified as anthrax toxin receptor 1.Miles LA, Burga LN, Gardner EE, Bostina M, Poirier JT, Rudin CM (2017) Anthrax toxin receptor 1 is the cellular receptor for Seneca Valley virus. J Clin Invest
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An infectious clone of senecavirus was reported in 2012.
Senecavirus has been proposed to attack cancer stem cells.
Diagnostic monoclonal antibodies have been generated against senecavirus.
While the sequence of SVV's protein-coding genome is most similar to members in the Cardiovirus genus, the non-coding RNA internal ribosome entry site (IRES) is most similar to those of the Pestivirus genus, including classical swine fever virus, and Hepacivirus genus, including Hepatitis C virus.
The SVV IRES RNA shares similarities in sequence, structure, and function with the hepatitis C virus IRES. Subdomain IIa of the SVV and HCV IRES shares a similar structure and ligand-binding function as seen in its crystal structure. This subdomain IIa region is classified as a ligand-responsive RNA switch which adopts well-defined ligand-free and bound conformations without breaking or forming any base pairs in its secondary structure upon interconversion between the two states. This RNA switch from the SVV IRES has been incorporated into triangular RNA nanostructures.
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Phase II
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