The House of Sapieha (; ; ; ) is a Polish-Lithuanian noble and magnate family of Ruthenians origin,[Энцыклапедыя ВКЛ. Т.2, арт. "Сапегі"][Саверчанка І.В. Канцлер Вялікага княства. Леў Сапега, Мн., Навука і тэхніка, 1992, с.63][Чаропка В. Бацька Айчыны. Леў Сапега. ў кнізе "Уладары вялікага княства", Мн., Беларусь, 1-е издание 1996, 2-ое издание 2002, с.327–408] descending from the medieval of Smolensk and Polotsk.[George Vernadsky. A History of Russia. New Haven. Connecticut: Yale University Press. 1961. online] The family acquired great influence and wealth in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth during the 16th century.
History
The first confirmed records of the Sapieha family date back to the 15th century, when Semen Sopiha () was mentioned as a writer (scribe) of the then King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, Casimir IV Jagiellon () for the period of 1441–49. Semen had two sons, and .
Possibly, the family of Semen Sopiha owned the village of Sopieszyno near Gdansk, which they left because of the Teutonic Order invasion. Sopieszyno is one of the oldest villages. The records have it that already in the 11th-12th centuries it was a estate.
The creator of the fortune and power of the Sapieha family was the Court and Great Chancellor and Great Hetman of Lithuania, Lew Sapieha.
The title of the Sapieha-Kodenski branch was recognized in Poland in 1572 and in Austria-Hungary in 1845, while that of the Sapieha-Rozanski line was officially acknowledged in Russia in 1880.[Enache, Nicolas. La Descendance de Marie-Therese de Habsburg. ICC, Paris, 1996. pp. 72, 80-81. (French). ]
On 14 September 1700, Michał Franciszek Sapieha had obtained the title of prince from Emperor Leopold I, but the title became extinct upon his death on 19 November 1700. That year, the family lost its dominant position in the Grand Duchy as a result of its defeat in the Lithuanian Civil War. In 1768, members of the Sapieha family obtained recognition of the princely title from the Polish Sejm. After the partitions of Poland, the family appeared in the list of persons authorised to bear the title of Prince of the Congress Poland in 1824. The title was recognised in Austria in 1836 and 1840, and in Russia in 1874 and 1901. In 1905, the family obtained the qualification of Serene Highness in Austria.
The maternal grandmother of Queen Mathilde of Belgium was a Princess of the house of Sapieha.
Coat of arms
The Sapieha family used the
Polish heraldry named "Lis".
[
]
image:POL COA Lis.svg|Lis coat of arms
image:Herb Sapiehów.PNG|Original arms of the Princes Sapieha
image:Sapieha, Pahonia. Сапега, Пагоня (1786).jpg|Coat of arms of Sapieha, 1786
image:POL COA Sapieha alt.svg|Later arms of the Princes Sapieha (1858–1859)
Notable members
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Adam Stefan Sapieha (1867–1951), cardinal, archbishop of Kraków
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Adam Zygmunt Sapieha (1892–1970), cavalryman, aviator
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Aleksander Michał Sapieha (1730–1793), voivode of Płock, Field Lithuanian Hetman, Grand Lithuanian Chancellor, marshal of the Lithuanian Tribunal
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Aleksander Paweł Sapieha (1672-1734), Marshal of the Court of Lithuania and Grand Marshal of Lithuania
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Aleksander Sapieha (1888–1976), aviator
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Andrzej Józef Sapieha (1894–1945), he participated in the Polish–Soviet War, member of the Armia Krajowa
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Andrzej Sapieha (1539–1621), Great Royal Deputy Cup-bearer of Lithuania, castellan of Minsk, and Voivode of Polotsk and Smolensk
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Anna Zofia Sapieha (1799–1864), wife of Prince Adam Jerzy Czartoryski
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Arabella Theresa Sapieha (1960), Princess Sapieha-Rozanski
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Bohdan Sapieha, several people
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Eustachy Kajetan Sapieha (1797–1860), he participated in the November uprising, politically tied with the "Hôtel Lambert"
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Eustachy Sapieha (1881–1963), politician, Polish Minister of Foreign Affairs 1920-1921
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Eustachy Seweryn Sapieha (1916–2004), hunter, historian of the Sapieha family
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Franciszek Sapieha (1772–1829), general, he participated in the Kościuszko uprising
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Fryderyk Sapieha (1599–1650), voivode of Mścisław, podkomorzy of Vitebsk
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Kazimierz Lew Sapieha (1607–1656), Marshal of the Crown, son of Lew Sapieha
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Jan Andrzej Sapieha (1910–1989), head of House Sapieha,
[ he participated in the Defence War of 1939
]
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Jan Fryderyk Sapieha (1680–1751), Grand Recorder of Lithuania
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Jan Kazimierz Sapieha the Elder (?–1730), Grand Hetman of Lithuania
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Jan Kazimierz Sapieha the Younger, (–1720), Field Hetman
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Jan Pavel Sapieha-Rozanski (1935) head of House Sapieha,
[ sometime Belgian ambassador to Brazil]
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Jan Piotr Sapieha (1569–1611), Polish royal officer
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Jan Stanisław Sapieha (1589–1635), Court Marshal of Lithuania, Great Lithuanian Marshal
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Józef Sapieha, he participated in the Polish–Soviet War
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Karol Władysław Sapieha (1920–1941), pilot of the Polish Air Forces in Great Britain in World War II
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Kazimierz Nestor Sapieha (1757–1798), political activist, general
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Leon Aleksander Sapieha (1883–1944), landlord, member of the Sejm, member of Związek Walki Zbrojnej and the Armia Krajowa
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Leon Roman Sapieha (1915–1940), pilot of the Polish Air Forces in Great Britain in World War II
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Leon Sapieha (1803–1878), political and economic activist
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Lew Jerzy Sapieha (1913–1990), poet, writer
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Lew Sapieha (1557–1633), Court Chancellor and Hetman
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Maria Sapieha (1910–2009), social activist, wife of Prince Jan Andrzej Sapieha-Rozanski
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Michał Franciszek Sapieha (1670–1700), General, Koniuszy
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Mikołaj Krzysztof Sapieha (1613–1639), voivode of Minsk
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Mikołaj Sapieha (1581–1644), voivode of Minsk and of Brześć Litewski, castellan of Vilnius
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Mikołaj Sapieha (1588–1638), voivode of Minsk and of Nowogródek
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Paola Maria de Bourbon Orléans e Bragança Sapieha (1983), model and product designer, wife of fashion photographer Prince Constantin Swiatopolk-Czetwertyński
[Menthe, Caterina. 13 February 2013 Love royale. Vogue Arabia]
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Paweł Jan Sapieha (1609–1665), voivode of the Witebsk and Vilnius, Great Hetman of Lithuania
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Paweł Maria Sapieha (1900–1987), he participated in the Polish–Soviet War
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Paweł Sapieha (1860–1934), traveler, first chairman of the Polish Red Cross
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Paweł Stefan Sapieha (1565–1635), Deputy Chancellor of Lithuania
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Róża Maria Sapieha (1921–1944), member of the Armia Krajowa, she participated in the Warsaw uprising of 1944
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Stanisław Sapieha (1896–1919), defender of Lwów
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Teresa Sapieha (died c.1784), wife of Prince Hieronim Florian Radziwiłł and Count Joachim Karol Potocki
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Tomasz Sapieha (1598–1646), voivode of Wenden and of Nowogródek
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Władysław Leon Sapieha (1853–1920), landowner, social activist
Palaces
image:Side façade of the Sapiegos Palace in Antakalnis eldership in Vilnius, Lithuania in 2024.jpg|Sapieha Palace in Vilnius
image:Halšanski zamak. Гальшанскі замак (V. Dmachoŭski, 1853).jpg|Ruins of the castle in Holszany (1853)
image:Дворцовый комплекс Сапегов в Ружанах.jpg|Palace of Aleksander Sapieha in Ružany
image:Krasiczyn castle 3.jpg|Castle of Krasicki family and Sapieha in Krasiczyn
image:Wieleń 269-50.jpg|Sapieha Palace in Wieleń
image:Дворец Сапег.jpg|Sapieha Palace in Lviv
image:Bobrek pałac.JPG|Palace in Bobrek
image:Koden-palacyk-Placencja.jpg|Palace "Placencja", summer residence in Kodeń
image:Warszawa - Pałac Sapiehów 01.jpg|Palace of Jan Fryderyk Sapieha in Warsaw
image:Zespół zamkowy (XV-XVIw.) ruiny zamku (XVIw.) (fot. 1) - Kodeń powiat bialski woj. lubelskie ArPiCh A-55.JPG|Remains of the castle in Kodeń
image:Vysokаŭski zamak. Высокаўскі замак (N. Orda, 1876).jpg|Castle in Vysokaye
image:Horadnia, Nioman. Горадня, Нёман (1891).jpg|Palace in Grodno
See also
Bibliography
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Labarre de Raillicourt, Dominique., Histoire des Sapieha (1440–1970), Paris, 1970
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Sapieha E., Dom Sapieżyński, Warszawa 1995. Numery /112 przy nazwiskach oznaczają numery biogramów w/w pozycji.
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Tłomacki A., "Sapiehowie Kodeńscy", nakładem własnym, Warszawa 2009
