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Samcheok (; ) is a city in the state of Gangwon, South Korea. To the west are the Taebaek Mountains, which form a high flat plain of more than 1,000 meters, and to the east the coastal plain slopes sharply. Samcheok borders Donghae in the north, Uljin County in North Gyeongsang Province to the south, and Taebaek in the west. It covers an area of 1,185.86 square kilometers and has a coastline of 58.4 kilometers. Samcheok's city hall is located in Gyo-dong. Samcheok includes 2 districts, 6 villages, and 4 neighborhoods or dongs. The city's official tree is the zelkova while the official bird is the Gull and the official flower is the azalea. Samcheok has the lowest population density of any autonomous city in South Korea.
Samcheok-hyun was promoted to Samcheok-bu in 1393 during the second year of King Taejo's reign. During the thirteenth year of King Taejong's reign in 1413, it became the Samcheok protectorate before being changed to Samcheok-gun during the thirty-second year of King Gojong's reign in 1895. During Japan's occupation of Korea, it was changed to Samcheok-myeon in 1917 and promoted to Samcheok-eup in 1938.
In 1973, the Hwangji branch office of Jangsung-eup, the most populous in the county, was promoted to Hwangji-eup. In 1980, Bukpyeong-eup was incorporated into Donghae-si and Wondeock-myeon was elevated to Wondeock-eup. In 1981, Jangseong-eup and Hwangji-eup were joined into Taebaek. In 1986, Samcheok-eup was elevated to Samcheok-si and Wondeok-eup Ojeo branch office was promoted to Kagok-myeon. In 1989, Yonghwa-ri and Jangho-ri were incorporated into Gundeok-myeon. In 1994, Hajang-myeon's five districts were incorporated into Taebaek-si. In 1995, Samcheok-si and Samcheok-gun were combined and incorporated into Samcheok-si.
The average temperature over the past 12 years is 12.5 °C, somewhat higher than other provinces in the Yeongseo region. The highest temperature was 37.5 °C on July 29, 1992, and the lowest temperature was -13.5 °C on January 26, 1990.
The temperature distribution shows an average of 24.1 °C in August and an average of 0.5 °C in January, indicating cooler summers and milder winters. Precipitation averages 1,284.5 mm per year with more than 50% of the precipitation falling from July to August. The highest daily precipitation measured was 819 mm in Nogok during Typhoon Rusa from August 31, 2002, to September 1, 2002. Due to the influence of the northeasterly winds, it snows heavily in the winter and sometimes even into the spring months of March and April.
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