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Saltator is a genus of passerine birds in the tanager family Thraupidae that are found in Central and South America. They have thick bills, relatively long tails and strong legs and feet. Before the introduction of molecular genetic methods in the 21st century these species were placed in the cardinal family Cardinalidae.
The saltators were traditionally grouped with the cardinals, either in the subfamily Cardinalinae within an expanded Emberizidae or in a separate family Cardinalidae. Molecular phylogenetic studies have shown that the saltators are embedded within the tanager family Thraupidae. Within the Thraupidae the genus Saltator is now placed with the genus Saltatricula in the subfamily Saltatorinae. The relationship of the subfamily to the other subfamilies within the Thraupidae is uncertain.
| Venezuela, northeast Colombia |
| Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay |
| Mexico to Panama |
| Colombia, Venezuela, the Guianas, far north Brazil and Trinidad |
| Widely in tropical and subtropical South America |
| Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guadeloupe, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela. |
| Dominica, Martinique, Saint Kitts and Nevis, and Saint Lucia. |
| southeastern Mexico to western Ecuador and northeastern Brazil. |
| Colombia and Ecuador. |
| central Mexico to eastern Panama. |
| Ecuador and the northern border region of Peru. |
| Atlantic Forest in far northeastern Argentina (Misiones), eastern and southeastern Brazil, and far eastern Paraguay |
| the Amazon in South America, but it is also found in forests of the Chocó in Ecuador and Colombia, and southern Central America from Panama to Honduras. |
| southern Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. |
| Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil, far northeastern Argentina (only Misiones Province), and perhaps far eastern Paraguay. |
| Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay |
The rufous-bellied mountain saltator was formerly a member of this genus. It is now placed in the subfamily Thraupinae and is the only member of the genus Pseudosaltator. Its common name has been changed to rufous-bellied mountain tanager. The black-throated saltator was also formerly assigned to this genus. It is now placed together with the many-colored Chaco finch in the genus Saltatricula as the two species form a divergent clade that is sister taxon to the other members of Saltator.
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